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Suppression of mast cell activation by glucocorticoid

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Yoshikawa H., Tasaka K.
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vol. 48
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issue 5
487-496
EN
Mast cells play a critical role in allergic diseases. When mast cells are activated by cross-linking of their high affinity IgE receptors by the antigen and IgE antibodies, release of chemical mediators is followed by secretion of multiple cytokines. We report that IL-3-dependent mucosal-type mast cells undergo apoptosis when IL-3 is withdrawn. In addition, cross-linking of high affinityIgE receptors prevents apoptosis of mast cells by paractine mechanisms, producing IL-3, IL-4 and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). However, the secretion of endogenous growth factors are not enough for cell survival, whereas IL-4 induces cell aggregation by expressing adhesion molecules such as leukocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1), and makes it reactive to endogenous growth factors by contact cell to cell interaction. On the other hand, dexamethazone down-regulates the expression of intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and IL-4 in activated mast cells, by which the self-aggregation of mast cells is inhibited and poptosis is induced. Thus, glucocorticoids suppress mast cell survival by inhibiting IL-4 production and expression of adhesion molecules.
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