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Causes of death in HIV-infected patients in the region of Lodz, Poland from 1995 through 2005

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Jabłonowska E., Małolepsza E.
Open Medicine
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2009
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vol. 4
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issue 2
179-183
EN
In 2005, 440 patients infected with HIV were registered in the AIDS center in Lodz, Poland. The aim of our study was to analyze the causes of death in 70 fatal cases. We analyzed the data from 70 fatal cases from 1995 through 2005. Of the fatal cases we investigated, 10 were in women and 60 in men. The most common route of HIV transmission was intravenous drug use (50%). At the time of death, the mean age of patients was 36,48 years, and the mean CD4 count was 115,14 cells per microliter. The mean time from HIV diagnosis to death was 3,75 years. The leading cause of death in the group from 1995 through 2004 was AIDS. In 2002, liver diseases resulting from hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection were the cause of death in two patients. In 2005, two patients died as a result of myocardial infarction. The prevalence of fatal cases decreased from 9,09 % in 1995 to 1,59 % in 2005. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was found in 4 of 62 patients (6,45%), anti-HCV in 28 patients (45,16%), and both hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HCV infection in 5 patients (8,07%). Coinfections occurred most frequently in intravenous drug users (IDUs). In conclusions: (1) AIDS is still the leading cause of death in HIV-positive patients in the Lodz region; (2) the emerging cause of death in HIV-positive patients is liver disease as the sequel of HBV and HCV coinfections; (3) heart disease is becoming an important cause of death in HIV-positive patients.
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Hepatic expression of miR-122 and antioxidant genes in patients with chronic hepatitis B

81%
Wójcik K., Piekarska A., Szymańska B., Jabłonowska E.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
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2016
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vol. 63
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issue 3
527-531
EN
Introduction: The pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B depends on both, the immune response and oxidative stress. Aim of the study: To assess the hepatic expression of miR-122 and the antioxidant genes: HMOX-1, NQO1 and GFER1, in liver biopsy specimens obtained from patients with chronic hepatitis B, with regard to selected clinical and histological parameters, using RT-PCR. Results: The study group comprised 34 HBV-infected patients. Statistically significant associations were found between lower hepatic expression of HMOX-1 and greater severity of liver inflammation (p=0.04). However, significantly higher expression of NQO1 was observed in patients with advanced liver fibrosis (p=0.035). Hepatic expression of miR-122 in HBV patients was not associated with viral load or liver injury. Conclusion: The hepatic expression of HMOX-1and NQO1 may be associated with liver injuries in chronic hepatitis B. However, hepatic expression of miR-122 does not seem to correspond to progression of the liver disease.
3
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Total serum testosterone estimation and ultrasonographic volumetric evaluation of testes in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis

61%
Jabłonowski Z., Kuydowicz J., Sosnowski M., Różański W., Jabłośki S., Jabłonowska E.
Open Medicine
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2009
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vol. 4
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issue 3
299-303
EN
In the course of cirrhosis, a variety of disturbances of endocrine glands occur. Degenerative changes in the testes with atrophia and fibrosis of the glandular tissue are often found in men. Twenty-one males with compensated alcoholic liver cirrhosis were studied. The age ranged from 29 to 61 years (mean 47,1). Efficiency of the liver was evaluated according to Child classification. HBC (this needs to be spelled out in parenthesis) or HBV (Hepatitis B Virus) infections were excluded. Levels of serum testosterone were determined and the volume size of the testes was measured using 7,5 MHz sector probe, B&K Medical ultrasonograph, 3535 model. Volume size of the testes was measured in 22 healthy control volunteers, as well; age ranged from 25 to 66 years (mean-46,6). All patients were interviewed about sexual function, particularly possible erectile dysfunction using IIEF-5 questionnaire. The mean testosterone level was 8,89 umol/l (ranged: 7,4–10,9 umol/l) in the study patients [the normal range interval: 8,2–34,6 umol/l]. The level was below the normal range in 4 patients, and low but within the normal range in the remaining patients. Statistically significant lower values of both testes volumes were estimated in patients with compensated alcoholic liver cirrhosis in comparison to healthy controls (p<0,001), however only 5 (23,81 %) study group subjects admitted impaired libido and erectile dysfunction. Decreased levels of testosterone in the peripheral blood and diminished volume size of testes are found in patients suffering from alcoholic liver cirrhosis. Erectile dysfunction in patients with liver cirrhosis needs further evaluation.
4
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Sustained virologic response and IL28B single-nucleotide polymorphisms in patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with pegylated interferon alfa and ribavirin

61%
Jabłonowska E., Piekarska A., Koślińska-Berkan E., Omulecka A., Szymańska B., Wójcik K.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
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2012
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vol. 59
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issue 3
333-337
EN
Introduction. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a global health problem which can lead to liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma in one-fifth of chronically infected patients. Materials and methods. The study group consisted of 123 patients: 90 with HCV mono- and 33 with HIV/HCV co-infection, who were treated with pegylated interferon alfa (Peg-IFN-α) and ribavirin. We analyzed selected pretreatment factors: age, sex, HIV/HCV co-infection, grade of inflammation, necrotic changes and fibrosis in histological analysis of liver bioptates, HCV viral load, HCV genotypes, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IL28B and tried to find out which of them influence sustained virological response (SVR). The IL28B SNP C/T (rs12979860) was analyzed using Custom® SNP Genotyping Assays (Applied Biosystems). Results. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that after adjusting for the other variables three predictors independently influence SVR, namely genotype 3 of HCV, presence of the CC genotype and age >40 years (OR respectively 15.14, 3.62, and 0.36). HCV mono-infected patients were infected with HCV genotype 3 or 4 less frequently (p=0.0001) compared to HIV/HCV co-infected individuals. In patients with HIV/HCV co-infection the CC variant occurred more frequently whereas CT was found less frequently (p=0.001, p=0.0146, respectively). In patients with HIV/HCV co-infection, 3 and 4 genotype of HCV occurred more frequently compared to patients with HCV mono-infection (p=0.0001). Conclusions. These data suggest that age, HCV genotype and IL28B polymorphism are useful for prediction of the response to treatment with Peg-IFN-α and ribavirin. The more frequent occurrence of HCV genotypes 3 or 4 in patients with HIV/HCV co-infection could be associated with the route of transmission.
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