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Trends in the gameplay of European football players

100%
Soroka A.
Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity
|
2014
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vol. 6
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issue 4
267-272
EN
Background: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of footballers who participated in the 2008 and 2012 European Championships. The study was conducted by analysis of basic technical and tactical game. Material/Methods: The observation method in the form of a kinematic game analysis system was used to collect necessary data. The research material was based on analysis of 304 players participating in the 2008 European Championships and 277 players in the 2012 European Championships, with each tournament consisting of 31 matches. Statistica software was used to apply the Student’s t-test for the independent groups. Results: Higher values of indicators determining player’s efficiency were found in the teams participating in the 2012 tournament; significant differences were found in the total number (p = 0.048) and accuracy (p = 0.034) of shots taken by the most successful teams, in the number (p = 0.044), efficiency (p = 0.002) and accuracy (p < 0.001) of passes as well as in the length of distance covered (p < 0.001). Conclusions: A systematic increase in the efficiency of passes in subsequent tournaments points to an upward trend of this element in the game. An increase was also noted in the number of shots taken, which was accompanied by a decrease in shot accuracy. Modern football has become a fast team game with lots of passes of high reliability. Thus, training of young players should be focused on the development of playing techniques and motor skills
2
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Sense of Gender Identity in Women Practicing Football with Consideration of the Formation

63%
Soroka A., Bergier J.
Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism
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2011
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vol. 18
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issue 1
45-51
EN
Introduction. Identification of gender is one of the most important dimensions of building a sense of self-identity; it is also one of the basic criteria for identifying individuals by society. The aim of this study was to determine the types of psychological gender football female players (taking into account the formation), i.e. the sport deemed "masculine". Material and methods. The research group was composed of the female players of the Polish national football team, seniors (n = 26), youth team under the age of 19 (n = 21) and the Polish extra league club athletes (n = 16). The tool research was the "Inventory to assess psychological gender (IPP)" by Kuczyńska. Results. Nearly 70% female football players were included in the androgynous type, while 20% were the persons representing the so-called specified psychological type. The most important feature identifying cultural gender patterns, selected by the female players was "tolerant" - feature of the cultural stereotype known to be neutral, as well as the characteristics attributed to both women and men: "friendly" and "nice". Conclusion. The studies allow for determining the dominant type of psychological gender of female players as androgynous, which is highly expressed combined male and female characteristics.
3
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The Relationship among the Somatic Characteristics, Age and Covered Distance of Football Players

63%
Soroka A., Bergier J.
Human Movement
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2011
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vol. 12
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issue 4
353-360
EN
Purpose. The aim of this article was to define the somatic characteristics, BMI index, age and total distance covered of football players who participated in the 2008 European Football Championships. The article also pointed to any significant interrelationships. Methods. On the basis of a game analysis system, the Castrol Performance Index, the 248 football players who participated in all 32 games of the Championships were subject to analysis based on the distance covered during the games, with the results statistically analyzed and compared with the players' somatic characteristics. In addition, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used as a non-parametric counterpart of one-way analysis of variance. Results. The highest values of the somatic characteristics such as height, body mass, age and the BMI index were found in goalkeepers. The longest distances covered during the games were attained by midfielders and side midfielders, whereas the shortest distances covered were by goalkeepers and central defenders. Larger values of height and body mass corresponded to smaller covered distances by players during the games. Conclusions. The indicated dependences, which were found among the players' age, height, body mass and covered distance during the games allows one to define the usefulness of a player in a particular team formation. The covered distance, particularly in correlation with the mentioned morphological indicators, which to a great extent are genetically conditioned, could be used as criterion towards specifying in the most accurate way which formation a particular player should play in, based on his genetic predisposition.
4
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Actions with the Ball that Determine the Effectiveness of Play in Women's Football

63%
Soroka A., Bergier J.
Journal of Human Kinetics
|
2010
|
vol. 26
97-104
EN
Various actions with the ball performed by players during football matches encourage continuous research on game observation to be carried out. It is of special significance in providing information about players and their contribution to the effort of the whole team. Both quantitative and qualitative records enable transformation of the information obtained into data supporting training tasks. In the opinion of the authors, the determination of a winning team is affected to the greatest extent by qualitative factors in the form of coefficients of accuracy and efficiency of particular actions with the ball. A hypothesis was advanced in the study that in women's football there are ball actions whose quality of execution affects winning a match, and that there exists a specific ranking of their significance. Analyses were conducted for nearly 18,000 actions performed with the ball by 130 players, competitors in the European Women's Football Championship in 2005. Statistical tests applied in the study enabled differences between teams of winners and losers to be defined, whereas the analysis of a discriminant function indicated which qualitative factors were the most significant and had the greatest impact on winning a match. A specific hierarchy of the significance of those activities was also elaborated in the study. The most significant activities that affected the victory were: 1×1 play in defense, 1×1 play in offense, accuracy of passes and effective execution of dead-ball situations.
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