We present an overview of our recent experimental results on two-dimensional optical spatial solitons in voltage biased planar cells with nematic liquid crystals. Excitation, induced waveguiding, and interactions are illustrated and interpreted in terms of the inherent re-orientational, non-resonant and nonlocal nonlinear response.
In a waveguide for second-harmonic generation, a linear corrugation able to couple counterpropagating waves at the second-harmonic and/or at the fundamental frequency can induce localization effects through the formation of gap-simultons, i.e. bi-color gap-solitons. These can move slowly or be stationary, collide and merge. All-optical memories are envisaged.
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