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EN
The role of vegetation in recreative environment is discussed as well as a value of ecological data applied in spatial planning. Only phytosociological maps — real and potential vegetation maps — may be the sources of objective ecological information about vegetation as well as environment diversity. The next functions of vegetation are distinguished: bioindicatoric, biotope-forming, physiological, psychologic, organizational and hobbystic.
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EN
There are distinguished here 11 units of vegetation and described their layer structure, floristic composition, habitat conditions and spatial relationships. The list of these units is presented in chapter 4. The paper describes in bigger detail the state of plant cover at the time this area was changing its functions from a productivity one into a protective and recreative functions. Forest phytocoenoses are considerably changed by the anthropopressure. The author has introduced an idea of anthropogenic convergence of phytocoenoses and focussed his attention on problems of succesion of secondary forest communities which prevail in this area (.for summary see page 468-470).
EN
Analysis of topographical maps allowed to determine the main trends of change in plant cover of an area, which has been a nature park since 1978, in four time cross - sections: end of 18th century (Gilly - Matthias map, 1802 - 1803), ca. 1830 (quarter master’s map from 1843), ca. 1930 (Military Geographical Institute maps 1 : 100000 and 1 : 25000), period of 1964 - 1975 (contemporary maps and aerophotos). The extension of wood lands and forestage of the area were estimated (Table I). It has been indicated that prevailing trends already since the early 19th century the acreage of woodlands was expanded at the cost of agricultural lands. The present vegetation consists mainly of anthropogenic communities being in different phases of s'uccesion (for summary see page 223-224).
EN
Conservation in situ is, for many reasons, the most important means of maintaining gene resources of wild plants. Forms of this conservation must be constantly improved and increasingly more diversified, and their effectiveness carefully supervised. The authors discuss the problem of the conservation object and aim, criteria and strategy of choise, scope of plant diversity, which should be encompassed by conservation measures, and against this background they evaluate the role of nature reserves in protection of gene resources.
EN
In the very middle of Poland the erection of a big quarry of brown coal is begun as well as great power station which will strongly affect environment of the region covering 20 000 km!. The biological investigations carried out in the years 1948/1980, i.e. the quarry was started, are summarized. The authors propose a new program of investigations and suggest that the region may be a suitable object for further ecological studies on biota and ecosystems, influenced with industrial pressure.
EN
Załęcze Nature Park founded in 1978 protects the natural scenery of the most northern part of the Jurassic Cracow-Wieluń Uplands. Genesis of the park, its natural resources and their previous utilization, as well as scientific, educational, aesthetic and recreational values are described. The park is highly useful for recreation of people, for study and for teaching of the Earth history, geomorphological processes, human impact on the environment, flora and fauna. There have been preserved here historical monuments of material culture, relicts of old customs, and historical character of the landscape. One of important tasks of the park alongside its teaching and recreational values is the fact that it is to serve the ecological education of young people within programmes carried out by the Polish Pathfinders’ Association. The Association has its field station and training centre here; it conducts pathfinders’ camps, and carries its patronage over the park (for summary see page 62-65).
EN
Rhododendron flavum occurs naturally in Southern Poland but on one locality only. In twenties plant seedlings taken from natural area of the species in Volhynia were moved to Central Poland and planted in forest. The plant grows well and for its security the reserve „Małecz” has been established in 1987. It is an example of conservation ex situ but in natural site named in Poland metaplantation. The actual plant cover of this reserve is described in the paper.
EN
The geobotanical studies on protected lime-forest were carried out 31 years later after first investigation and have shown deep and oriented changes in the flora and plant communities. The flora has become richer: 8 species of vasculars and 5 mosses have diminished but 51 vasculars and 5 mosses are added. The vegetation has changed in the way of progressive succession from mixed forest to climax deciduous forest. It means, that the protection of the reserve was successful.
EN
The occurence of 768 taxa of vascular plants was determined on the area of 154,8 km², and their distribution was examined by means of a grid map with lines every one kilometer. The aim of the studies was inventorying the flora at the moment the nature park was established in order to estimate resources of the local flora, protect it and follow up its further changes (for summary see page 274-276).
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