Data on segregation of the lys 3 b gene in the offsprings of crosses between the mutant Ris? 18 and the barley forms with plump kernels and high hordein content are presented.Hordein phenotype, and indirectly lysine, were determined by visual screening method.In the analysed materials all plump kernels were high-hordein (low lisine), and all shrunken kernels were low hordein (high-lysine).Genetic analysis showed a 3:1 Mendelian phenotypic ratio of normal and mutant F2 kernels in most of the analysed crosses.
Nutritional value of protein in 146 mutants of hulles spring barley was estimated.Evaluation of protein quality was based on the portion of a relative content of protein fractions with different amino acid composition and, therefore, with different nutritional value.The ratio of albumins, globulins and gluteins to hordein, determing nutritional value of protein in the initial genotype was 1.1; in mutants it was within the range of 0.9-1.5. Several mutants with a high protein content and good nutritional value have been distinguished.
Hordein polypeptides pattern of 146 mutants in M7 from a hulless spring barley breeding line were examined.The mutants were obtained after treatment of grains of Polish hulless spring barley line, 1N/86, with the chemomutagens N-nirtiso-N-methylurea and sodium azide.Tehmutants were distinguished from the parential line with regard to morphological and yield structure traits.SDS-PAGE of the main hordein fractons, B and C, showed thar the elecrophoretic patterns of the majority of the analysed mutants were similar to the hordein polypeptide spectrum of the parental line.In the previous study, the same mutants showed a significantly better feeding value as compared to hulled cultivars and the rest of the analysed mutants.
Barley doubled haploids (DH) derived from first and second cycle hybrids were investigated in field experiments. Parental lines designed for the second cycle hybrids were three doubled haploids from the first cycle hybrids, which were observed to have the highest grain yield. Yield structure characters, crude protein content and protein fractions were analysed. Phenotypic and genetic variability and the frequency of transgression in the studied populations were calculated. For the studied traits additive, [d], and epistatic [i], effects as well as coefficient of gene dispersion were estimated. It was found that the phenotypic and genetic variability of DH populations derived from second cycle hybrids was higher than that of the original population for all the studied traits except grain yield. A greater proportion of transgressive lines than in the original population was also observed in populations from second cycle hybrids. Only one DH line exceeding the high yielding parent was found among 141 lines under study. The relationship between the frequency of transgressions and gene dispersion was recorded: the greatest number of transgressive lines occurred in those traits for which the dispersion was observed.
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