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Are changes in HSPA1A, HSPB1 and LDHb genes expression during physical performance ”till exhaustion” independent of their exercise possibility?

100%
Jastrzebski Z., Zychowska M.
Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity
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2014
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vol. 6
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issue 4
252-258
EN
Background: The aim of the study was to designate changes in the expression of HSPA1A, HSPB1 and LDHb in elite rowers after completing a test “till exhaustion” on a rowing ergometer. Finally, we searched for the answer whether there are significant correlations between the expression of the genes and anaerobic threshold (AnT) or the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). Material/Methods: The research was conducted on the sample of 9 Polish lightweight male rowers (23.7 ±3.77 yrs, 72.7 ±1.76 kg, 183.6 ±4.58 cm). To determine AnT and VO2max, the subjects performed the test “till exhaustion” with an increasing load on a rowing ergometer. Directly before and after the test, blood samples were collected from the ulnar vein in order to isolate genetic material. RNA was extracted from white cells of venous blood by the chemical method. 2 μg RNA for the reverse transcription was used and the expression of HSPA1A, HSPB1 and LDHb was determined by Real time PCR reaction. To assess the intensity of expression, the ΔΔCt method was used. Results: The study showed an increased expression of HSPA1A and HSPB1 and a decreased one of LDHb. Moreover, post-training changes of the genes activity in white blood cells occurred immediately and could be determined directly after the termination of exertion. Conclusions: No significant correlations between the expression of the genes and anaerobic threshold (AnT), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) were stated
2
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Association of the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism in Polish rowers

81%
Jastrzebski Z., Leonska-Duniec A., Kolbowicz M., Tomiak T.
Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity
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2014
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vol. 6
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issue 3
205-210
EN
Background: The ACTN3 R577X polymorphism has been associated with an elite athlete status. Several studies have determined that the R allele is connected with power-oriented athletic performance, whereas the nonfunctional XX genotype may give some beneficial effect for endurance performance. The main aim of the study was to determine the possible interaction between the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism and an endurance athlete status in a group of Polish rowers in comparison with sedentary individuals. Material/Methods: 121 male Polish rowers, members of academic sports clubs, and 115 unrelated volunteers were recruited for the study. Genotyping for the R577X variant was performed by PCR-RFLP. Results: The genotype distribution amongst the rowers (52.06% RR, 38.85% RX, 9.09% XX) was significantly different from that amongst sedentary individuals (RR-33.5%; RX- 49.60%; XX-17,35%; P = 0.024). A significant excess of the R allele was noted in the rowers (71.48%, P = 0.008) when comparing with the controls (60.0%). Conclusions: The obtained results show that the ACTN3 X allele and XX genotype are underrepresented in Polish rowers and they are not advantageous for the endurance-type athletes in the studied population. On the contrary, the R allele seems to be useful for a top-level rower. However, additional studies are needed to clarify this problem.
3
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The Effect of a 6-Week Plyometric Training on Explosive Power in Volleyball Players

71%
Jastrzebski Z., Wnorowski K., Mikolajewski R., Jaskulska E., Radziminski L.
Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity
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2014
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vol. 6
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issue 2
79-89
EN
Background: The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of a six-week plyometric high and low-intensity training on the explosive power of lower limbs in volleyball players. Material/Methods: The research was conducted on a sample of 30 volunteers of the Sports Club at Gdansk University of Technology in Gdansk. Before the experiment, the players were divided into two homogeneous groups. After two weeks of an introductory common stage, each group followed a plyometric regime of different intensity. The results showed that the high-intensity program was more efficient than the low-intensity program in developing the explosive power in the volleyball players. Results: The largest significant improvement was observed for the vertical jump with arm swing (11% in HIJG and 3.8% in LISG). The strongest correlations were registered for the maximal power and the total mechanical work obtained in the Wingate test (r=0.83), and the power of jumps during attacks and blocks (r=0.78). Conclusions: The experiment confirmed high effectiveness of the training loads applied in the experiment, in particular in the high-intensity program.
4
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Generic versus specific sprint training in young soccer players

61%
Jastrzebski Z., Radziminski L., Dargiewicz R., Jaskulska E., Barnat W., Rompa P.
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EN
Background: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of two 8-week sprint training programs on the speed and sport-specific skills of young soccer players and to determine additional effects of 8 weeks’ whole body rotation. Material/Methods: Twenty-two Under-18 soccer players were divided into two groups: a running group (RG) and a ball group (BG). The RG completed sprint training without the ball, whereas the BG members trained with the ball. The 5-, 10-, 15-, 20- and 30-m sprint times and the level of soccer-specific skills were measured before and after completing the training programs. Results: A significant (p < 0.05) time interaction was found in sprint times at all distances. The players from both groups achieved significantly better sprint times on the distances of 15 m and 30 m; additionally, an improvement in the 20 m sprint time was noted in the BG. No significant changes in the level of soccer-specific skills were found. Conclusions: Sprint training performed with a ball might be equally efficient as a traditional non-ball method for developing players’ speed. Moreover, soccer-specific sprint training may improve certain technical skills in young players.
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