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Food industry waste composting in a rotational reactor

100%
Tronina P., Bubel F.
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
|
2008
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vol. 10
|
issue 2
37-42
EN
The permanently rising costs of food industry waste management create a real necessity for searching for new economical and environmentally friendly technologies with which such waste can be utilized. The purpose of this study was an evaluation of waste composting using rotational reactor technology with further use of the resultant product as a fertilizer. In order to conduct the research, a rotational reactor was designed and constructed. For the composting process, such waste materials as meat and bone pulp, past its sell-by date dairy and bakery products, sawdust, poultry and cattle manure, were used. The composition of the composted masses was chosen so that their approximate C:N:P proportions and consistency were appropriate for the growth of biodegradating micro-organisms. The efficiency of the presented technology was evaluated based on the inactivation of selected strains of bacteria and the eggs of invasive parasites. The products obtained were tested by the Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation in Puławy with regard to its possible environmental usage.
2
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Production of organic fertilizer from poultry feather wastes excluding the composting process

100%
Tronina P., Bubel F.
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
|
2008
|
vol. 10
|
issue 2
33-36
EN
Chicken feathers generated in large quantities by the poultry industry are hazardous for the natural environment because of their poor digestibility and their potential as a source of microbiological pathogens. Currently, the main method of feather waste management is the production of feather meal by steam pressure cooking. This technology requires a high energy input. The high costs of hydrothermal degradation of these wastes are conducive to finding other alternative possibilities of poultry wastes management. This paper describes the feather-utilization method with calcium oxide treatment in a rotational reactor, which leads to the production of organic-mineral fertilizers. The effectiveness of this method has been tested in chemical and microbiological analyses. The results of the study confirm the possibility of the environmental usage of utilization-products.
3
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Production of calcium preparations by technology of saltwater fish by product processing

61%
Bubel F., Dobrzański Z., Bykowski P. J., Chojnacka K., Opaliński S., Trziszka T.
Open Chemistry
|
2015
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vol. 13
|
issue 1
EN
The paper presents the technology of processing Baltic cod (Gadus morhua callarias) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) backbones – by-products from fish processing – for the production of calcium preparations. The raw material for the process consisted of backbones with remaining muscle tissue, devoid of heads and fins (30 kg of each type of backbones). The processing included the following stages: cutting, preliminary processing in an alkaline environment (soaking in 2 M NaOH), processing with 0.1% citric acid, aroma removal and material disinfection (5% H2O2), rinsing with tap water, drying, and grinding the end-product. Calcium preparations from cod (BCP) and salmon (ASP) in the amounts of 1.20 kg and 1.62 kg, respectively, characterized by high calcium content (27.79% in BCP, and 24.92% in ASP) and low protein and fat content (14.20% and 0.25% for BCP, and 10.78% and 0.12% for ASP, respectively) were obtained. The study demonstrated the effectiveness of this technology for production of calcium preparations from fish backbones.
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