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EN
The issues connected with the usefulness of the method of averaging A-scans applied in measurements of real optical parameters with the use of commercial optical coherent tomography systems have been discussed. The basic method description and examples of applications have been given. Examples of the characteristics of metrological devices used in medical practice as well as the possibility of the method applied to the turbidity assessment have been presented.
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Methods of Information Extraction from OCT Images

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EN
Optical diagnostic methods of biological media are more and more willingly used in clinical practice - also instead of classical biopsy. Particularly, optical coherent tomography methods and mammography (permitting achieving three-dimensional imaging of a tissue) are attractive in comparison with classical diagnostic methods. The article presents the analysis methods of optical parameters of biological tissues developed allowing obtaining absolute values of these parameters. Thanks to modern image analysis methods - wavelet transforms - the optical diagnostic effectiveness was improved. The theoretical and practical results achieved were compared with results of commercially accessible methods implemented in OCT devices.
EN
Neurosteroids have long been known to act as important modulators of central nervous system functions. The concept of their mechanism of action, however, have essentially undergone an evolution. Previously, these compounds were postulated to regulate neuronal function mainly via allosteric regulation of some membrane-bound receptors, such as GABAA and NMDA receptors, in a non-genomic way. Recent studies have provided evidence for intracellular targets for neurosteroids, e.g., transcription factors (NFkappa-B, progesterone receptors), protein kinases (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, protein kinase C), or microtubule-associated proteins, i.e. factors essential in regulation of neuronal survival and apoptosis. This paper reviews in vitro and in vivo data on neurosteroid involvement in the regulation of neurodegenerative processes with emphasis on new intracellular and genomic mechanisms of their action. Potential utility of neurosteroids in the treatment of some neurodegenerative disorders has been also discussed.
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