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EN
This paper aims to evaluate different forms of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) for the detection of virus-specific antibodies and focuses on factors which may influence the diagnostic reliability of such tests. The differences between competitive and non-competitive ELISAs are described, with reference to the influence of the antigen, the conjugated antibody, and the test sample on the test results. Attention is drawn to interference, which may result in false positive or false negative test results. The use of monoclonal antibodies and discriminatory tests is briefly discussed. Diagnostic reliability is described for tests that are used in monitoring or eradication programmes, emphasising the consequences of false negative or false positive results.
EN
Replicas of SDS-PAGE gels widen the range of application of electrophoresis to the studies of diverse biological properties of proteins as well as to the elucidation of their structures. Most often proteins are transferred to membranes made of polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) or nitrocelulose.Usually, a "semi-dry" blotting apparatus is used for electrophoretic transfer.SDS-PAGE gel replicas are used for the studies of these biological properties which cannot be studied directly on polyacrylamide gels. The major applications of this technique is in the immunoblotting which allows for the antigen-antibody reaction on the membrane.This reaction, after necessary amplification, is visualized with a variety of reagents.Protein microsequencing is another important application of SDS-PAGE gel replicas.In this case, a replica is stained with a general protein stain, and a band of interest is excised and used to obtain partial or complete amino acid sequence in an automatic sequencer.
EN
Baculovirus system has been used for the expression of genes of herpesvirus glycoproteins. In this system highly glycosylated proteins are obtained. The glycoproteins may find potential use as vaccines and in diagnosis of pseudorabies.
EN
The paper describes the procedure of efficient elution of glycoproteins from Immobilon membrane after their blotting from polyacrylamide gel. The yield of elution from membrane is 30-70%.
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