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C12 hydroxyester ethoxylates as nonionic surfactants

100%
Materna K., Tic W., Sokołowski A., Hreczuch W.
Open Chemistry
|
2011
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vol. 9
|
issue 2
300-307
EN
A series of ethoxylates of 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol mono-isobutyrate representing a synthetic C12 hydroxyester hydrophobe was obtained. The solubility parameters, surface tension and critical micelle concentrations for model solutions were investigated. The new surfactants were found to produce extremely low foam levels and a non-standard surface interfacial behavior was determined. It was observed that the ethoxylates of the C12 hydroxyester formed an oriented monolayer at the interface regardless of their average polyaddition degree. Such behavior is different from the surface activities of commonly known linear nonionic surfactants and it indicates self organization of the surfactants at the interface. This feature offers possibility for application of these surfactants in nanotechnology as well as in the conventional cleaning processes.
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Extraction of organic impurities using 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [BMIM][PF6]

88%
Koźlecki T., Sawiński W., Sokołowski A., Ludwig W., Polowczyk I.
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
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2008
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vol. 10
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issue 1
79-83
EN
Extraction of several chloro compounds from water has been examined. As the extracting liquid the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [BMIM][PF6], which is common hydrophobic ionic liquid, was used. Additionally, extraction of selected chlorinated compounds from tert-butylmethylether (MTBE) was investigated. The obtained results show the usefulness of [BMIM][PF6] to remove the organic impurities from water, particularly at the concentration range inappropriate for biological purification plants.
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Application of fly ash agglomerates in the sorption of arsenic

76%
Polowczyk I., Bastrzyk A., Koźlecki T., Rudnicki P., Sawiński W., Sadowski Z., Sokołowski A.
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
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2007
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vol. 9
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issue 2
37-41
EN
The scope of this contribution was to investigate in detail an application of fly ash adsorbent for the removal of arsenite ions from à dilute solution. The experiments have been carried out using fly ash from black coal burning power plant "Siersza" and brown coal burning power plant "Turów" (Poland), which was wetted, then mixed and tumbled in the granulator with a small amount of cement to increase the mechanical strength of agglomerates. The measurements of arsenic adsorption from the aqueous solution were carried out in the flask (with shaking), as well as in the column (with circulation), in order to compare two different methods of contacting waste with adsorbent. The adsorption isotherms of arsenic were determined for granulated material, using the Freundlich model. Kinetics studies indicated that the sorption follows a pseudo-first-order (PFO) model (Lagergren) and the Elovich-type model.
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