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1

Fermentation in waste menagement in agriculture

100%
Ledakowicz S., Krzystek L.
Biotechnologia
|
2005
|
issue 3
165-183
EN
The generation of agriculture residues and agro-industrial wastes has recently grown considerably, which has caused a variety of environmental problems. In this paper, the characteristics of agricultural and agro-industrial waste are discussed. Also, the most important biological treatment technologies and strategies for waste management are presented. Special attention is given to energy production by anaerobic digestion of these wastes. Few examples of energy recovery from agricultural wastes are presented as well.
2

From a microscopic image of a microorganism to the mathematical model of its growth

100%
Bizukojc M., Ledakowicz S.
Biotechnologia
|
2004
|
issue 1
54-67
EN
The examples of the application of the data obtained from digital processing and analysis of bacteria, yeasts and filamentous fungi microscopic images for the purpose of formulating of segregated (morphologically structured) and population models of their growth are presented in this article. In case of non- or insignificantly differentiating microorganisms, such as bacteria or yeasts, the digital analysis of their images is relatively simple and the application of the obtained data is not very troublesome. In this case, the complicated, from the point of view of morphology, mathematical models are rarely formulated. But in case of filamentous microorganisms, due to complicated structures which are developed in their cultivation, the mathematical description of their growth without data which are obtained from image analysis, is at least not full, unless false.
3

Biological treatment of coloured textile wastewater

100%
Solecka M., Ledakowicz S.
Biotechnologia
|
2005
|
issue 2
103-124
EN
The survey of biological methods for treatment of coloured textile wastewater is presented in the paper. Advantages and disadvantages of aerobic, anaerobic and anaerobic-aerobic processes of textile wastewater biodegradation are discussed. Special attention is given to the problems of removal of synthetic dyes from wastewater in conventional biological treatment systems. Alternative methods of decolourisation of textile wastewater based on natural ability of microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, algae) present in the environment are discussed.
4

Application of digital image analysis for the investigations on the morphology and physiology of filamentous fungi

100%
Bizukojc M., Ledakowicz S.
Biotechnologia
|
2003
|
issue 3
207-232
EN
The possibilities given by the digital analysis of microscopic images in the area of the investigation of morphology and physiology of filamentous fungi are presented in this article. At the beginning, theoretical background of the digital image analysis from the form of the image, through the mathematical functions used for their processing, to the determination of the objects? dimensions are described. In the second part of the article, practical application of the discussed techniques was presented on the basis of the investigation of physiological and morphological properties of Aspergillus niger in the process of citric acid biosynthesis.
5

Landfill as bioreactor

100%
Kaczorek K., Ledakowicz S.
Biotechnologia
|
2005
|
issue 2
69-87
EN
In this paper, landfill is described as bioreactor. Firstly, the bioprocesses taking part within the landfill together with their mathematical descriptions are presented. Secondly, the investigations on various landfill operational procedures are shown. The method which enables the studies on landfill behaviour is also described. Three basic concepts for a landfill design operation are explained: dry landfill, bioreactor landfill and final storage quality landfill. The advantages of landfill operating as bioreactor are stressed.
6

Biosynthesis of laccase from Cerrena unicolor: kinetic aspects of fungal growth and enzyme production

81%
Antecka A., Bizukojc M., Ledakowicz S.
Biotechnologia
|
2008
|
issue 2
90-101
EN
In spite of various possible industrial applications of laccase produced by wood-rotting basidiomycetes, the investigations concerning kinetics of the fungal growth are still limited. Thus, the aim of this paper was to describe the growth kinetics of white-rot fungus Cerrena unicolor and the synthesis of its secondary metabolite, laccase. Glucose was used as a carbon source in the cultivation and L-asparagine as a nitrogen source. The production of the enzyme appeared to be non-growth associated since it is secreted concomitantly to biomass decay. The formation of laccase occurred to be repressed by glucose, but there was no such strong impact of organic nitrogen content. However, the amount of biomass in the system was influenced by both asparagine and glucose concentration in the medium.
7

Microbial method of mercury removal from wastewater

81%
Ledakowicz S., Wagner-Doebler I., Deckwer W.-D.
Biotechnologia
|
2004
|
issue 3
193-201
EN
The technology of microbial removal of ionic mercury from wastewater of chloralkali electrolysis amalgam process has been presented in this paper. The development of this biotechnology, starting from laboratory investigations of the bioreduction of ionic mercury to insoluble metallic mercury, through the screening of mercury resistant microorganisms (with expression of mercuric reductase) and kinetic studies of the process, employment of bioreactors with fixed-bed and fluidized-bed of immobilized microorganisms, up to the industrial impelemnetation have described. The results of laboratory experiments, as well as from pilot and industrial plant in Spolchemie in Czech Republic, have been demonstrated in order to depict the advantages of this technology. This robust bioremediation method allows to reduce ionic mercury concentration from 10 mg/l to the level of 50 mg/l which is the solubility level of metallic mercury in water. The technology is applicable not only to wastewater from chloralkali electrolysis plants, but also to other types of mercury polluted water e.g. gold mining wastes, leachates and off-gases wash water.
8

The conditions of transformed roots growth in bioreactors

81%
Pawlowska B., Ledakowicz S., Chmiel A.
Biotechnologia
|
2005
|
issue 2
88-102
EN
Transformed roots are also called transgenic roots or due to their appearance ? hairy roots. Transformed roots are obtained by infection of plants or parts of them with soil bacteria, Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Genetically transformed roots are characterised by rapid and stable growth of biomass, genetic stability, and stable biosynthesis of metabolites. Hairy roots can be an alternative source of many economically important chemicals like enzymes, pigments, flavours and especially bioactive pharmaceuticals. Cultures of transformed roots are comparatively easy to cultivate in shaking flasks. Application of flasks does not allow to obtain great amount of biomass. There is a necessity of scaling up the culture using bioreactors. The first attempts of scaling up the culture were connected with bioreactors designed for microbiological processes. However, these bioreactors are inadequate for hairy roots cultures. Some promising results were achieved in the case of using mist bioreactor. This paper is a review of bioreactors employed in cultures of hairy roots and mathematical modelling of hairy root growth.
9

Decolorization of aqueous solution of dyes by the laccase complex from Cerrena unicolor

71%
Michniewicz A., Ledakowicz S., Jamroz T., Jarosz-Wilkolazka A., Leonowicz A.
Biotechnologia
|
2003
|
issue 4
194-204
EN
The biodegradation of dyes in textile wastewater is nowadays a subject of intensive research. In particular, a biotransformation of various dyestuffs by white-rot fungi is the most promising alternative. This study provides the results of decolorization of the aqueous solution of azo- and anthraquinone dyes by the laccase complex from Cerrena unicolor. The investigations were carried out using 3 systems: with active biomass, with sterilized biomass (biosorption), and with secretion of enzymatic complex. The enzymatic biotransformation gave to 97% decolorization of Acid Blue 62 and 95% decolorization of Reactive Blue 81 after 15 min. The dye?s adsorption on mycelia contributes substantially (30-40%) to decolorization of the textile wastewater.
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