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Functional conditions of three-dimensional correction of side curvatures of the spine

100%
Suchanowski A., Stolarz A.
Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity
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2013
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vol. 5
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issue 2
132-140
EN
Background: This paper sets out to present theoretical and methodological premises for the therapeutic mode of conduct which utilizes FED and PNF improvement methods complemented by introduction of correctional re-education basing on the biofeedback mechanism. Material/Methods: Authors develop and present an original mode of treatment of children with the SCS, which can be divided into the following stages and targets: 1. Elimination of biomechanical pathologies of the passive stabilizing. 2. Restoration of the structure and function of local muscles and balance among muscles from the first and second reference arrangement and structures around the spine, both on the concave and convex side. 3. Posture re-education, which consists in the combination of three-dimensional active and passive correction of the spine with proprioceptor stimulation techniques, accompanied by the use of replacement feedback. In order to implement the proposed treatment programme a device called “Skol-as” was built. “Skol-as” enables a simultaneous three-dimensional action on the passive and active stabilizing mechanisms and the functional structures of the Central Nervous System. Results: Exchanged information constitutes a replacement feedback which enables additional transfer of information on the position of the body to the CNS. Therefore, this constitutes a particular complement to the proper proprioception stimulated by the structure and functionality of the “Skol-as” device, which provides exteroceptive stimuli offering the image similar to the correct, spatial layout of the body. Conclusions: The suggested method - which accommodates the latest trends in SCS treatment - may and should be applied practically at each stage of scs development. This gives both the child and the parents or the therapist anopportunity to control the improvement process. Appropriate application of the suggested method and the “Skol-as” device offers children efficient self-control of their posture, which is much easier after the application of appropriate training suggested in the method. This therapy enables not only the strengthening and changing the functioning scope of relevant muscles but also affects the mental perception and feeling of muscle tensions which leads to proper self-image and appropriate control of bodily posture.
2
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Changes Related to Fatigue in Cardiorespiratory Response Sensitivity to Hypoxic and Hypercapnic Stimulation during Strenuous Physical Load

81%
Mishchenko V., Suchanowski A., Lysenko O.
Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity
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2009
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vol. 1
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issue 1
27-32
EN
Background: The aim was to study changes in the sensitivity of CRS responses of skilled athletes caused by fatigue during a strenuous physical load.Material/Methods: Response sensitivity to hypoxic and hypercapnic stimuli was analyzed in a group of high performance rowers (n=12) aged 18-22 years during exercising on "Concept-II" rowing ergometer. Two types of loads were used: sustained intensive load at high oxygen consumption (78-83% of VO2max) and relatively easier load (49-62% of VO2max) performed within 5 minutes. The method of rebreathing was used to determine responses sensitivity to CO2.Results: The results showed an increase in respiratory response sensitivity to hypoxia and a decrease in sensitivity to acidosis stimulus of respiration (CO2-H+) at the end of a strenuous load in presence of fatigue. Ventilatory response to hypoxic stimulus increased reliably before the end of work. At high intensity of loads during increment hypercapnia even in highly trained athletes the inhibition of ventilatory response has been notedConclusions: The data provide additional grounds for correction of fatigue by means of regulating the character and the intensity of physical loads in the process of endurance training. It has been shown that changes in sensitivity of CRS responses and other aspects of reactive features are of importance for special work capacity manifestations.
3
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Specifics of Ventilatory and Heart Rate Chemosensitivity Related to Special Endurance Capacity in High Performance Alpinists and Endurance Athletes

81%
Mishchenko V., Pavlik A., Suchanowski A.
Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity
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2009
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vol. 1
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issue 2
97-104
EN
Background: The aim was to compare ventilatory and heart rate chemosensitivity to hypoxia and hypercapnia in homogenous groups of high performance alpinists and endurance athletes and its relation to special work endurance.Material/Methods: Thirty-two male best national alpinists (30.7±2.7 yrs, VO2max 63.7±1.9 ml. kg-1,min-1, 14.3±2.4 yrs of experience) and 24 high performance male road cyclists of national team (25.7±1.1 yrs, VO2max 74.5±1.5 ml.kg-1,min-1, 11.2±1.4 yrs of experience) were examined by isocapnic progressive hypoxia and CO2 rebreathing tests. Maximal oxygen uptake, lung ventilation and heart rate peak responses were measured in an incremental ergometric test at sea level. Special work capacity of 23 alpinists was evaluated as the best time of non complicated mountain climbing between the point at 3,290 and 4,300 m above the sea level. Special work capacity of cyclists was evaluated as the best time of the individual 50 km race at the sea level.Results: The results showed no significant differences of the hypoxic ventilatory response in groups of alpinists and cyclists (p<0.05) But circulatory response evaluated by response of HR increase in answer to a decrease in O2 arterial blood saturation (SaO2) in alpinists was lower (p<0.05). Results showed that the evaluation of ventilatory and heart rate chemosensitivity in addition to measure of aerobic power may give important information for prevision of specific working capacity of high performance alpinists. Maximal oxygen uptake (ml/kg body mass) of the four best alpinists did not differ from the values of other alpinists. Special work capacity of alpinists was significantly related to tidal volume increase for the hypoxia test (r=-0.60) and to CO2 sensitivity (r=-0.67).Conclusions: The long-term exposure to environmental hypoxia and hypocapnia in alpinists generates specific changes in respiratory control. To evaluate special work capacity potential possibilities in a homogenous group of high performance alpinists first of all heart rate response sensitivity to hypoxia as well ventilatory response sensitivity to CO2 had to be taken into account, but only an alpinist's aerobic power.
4
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Electromyography Signal Analysis of the Fencing Lunge by Magda Mroczkiewicz, the Leading World Female Competitor in Foil

81%
Suchanowski A., Borysiuk Z., Pakosz P.
Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity
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2011
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vol. 3
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issue 3
172-175
EN
Background: Fencing lunge is the most important element of the fencing footwork technique. The aim of this study was to determine the dynamic model of the fencing lunge made by an experienced athlete, based on the EMG record of muscles activity: extensor carpi radialis of the right arm and rectus femoris of lower extremities.Material/Methods: 31-year-old Magda Mroczkiewicz, the team Olympic vice-champion and the world champion in women's foil, took part in the research during the preparatory camp for the 2011 season. To assess muscle involvement in the movement the electromyography (EMG) method was used. A device manufactured by NORAXON with MyoResearch XP MT400 software was utilized.Results: During the fencing lunge, muscle activation starts from the rear lower extremity, then the attacking arm, and finally the front lower extremity. The average EMG stimulation was the largest in the rear lower extremity and the smallest one in the attacking arm.Conclusions: The research shows that top-class athletes start the fencing lunge from tension in muscles of the rear lower extremity. Moreover, stimulation of the weapon arm and rear lower extremity muscles indicates their synchronization, whereas the front lower extremity works asynchronously.
5
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Individualities of Cardiorespiratory Responsiveness to Shifts in Respiratory Homeostasis and Physical Exercise in Homogeneous Groups of High Performance Athletes

61%
Mishchenko V., Shynkaruk O., Suchanowski A., Lysenko O., Tomiak T., Diachenko A., Korol A.
Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity
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2010
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vol. 2
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issue 1
13-29
EN
Background: It is known that high sports performances are based upon optimization of adaptation process. In order to achieve the above, one should provide a maximal account of individual vivid features of athlete's abilities, peculiarities of his/her physiological reactivity. The aim was to study individualities of sensitivity to shifts in respiratory homeostasis and responsiveness to high intensity physical exercises in homogeneous groups of high performance endurance athletes.Material/Methods: Individual peculiarities of the cardiorespiratory system (CRS) physiological reactivity were evaluated in 118 high performance endurance athletes (cyclists, runners and rowers) aged 20-27 years (competing regularly in sports for 6.8 ± 1.1 years). The sensitivity of response to CO2-H+ (rebreathing), fast kinetics and the peak response of CRS to various physical loads were measured. The level of VO2max and accumulated oxygen deficit were determined as well.Results: The results indicate distinctive individual peculiarities of CRS response to the shifts of respiratory homeostasis in homogeneous groups of endurance athletes with respect to sensitivity and stability of responses to CO2-H+. Sensitivity to CO2-H+ demonstrated a positive correlation with fast kinetics and peak levels in responses to physical loads and anaerobic potential realization.Conclusions: Hyperkinetic and hypokinetic types of an individual physiological responsiveness of CRS to shifts in the respiratory homeostasis and physical exercise in homogeneous groups of high performance athletes were revealed as a premise for athletes' high specific work capacity.
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