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EN
Recently we have shown that in vitro binding of the proximal part of the human tyrosine hydroxylase gene to the nuclear matrix is correlated with its transcriptional activity. The strongest binding potential was predicted by computing for the first intron sequence (Lenartowski & Goc, 2002, Neurosci Lett.; 330 : 151-154). In this study a 16 kb fragment of the bovine genomic DNA containing the tyrosine hydroxylase gene was investigated for its affinity to the nuclear matrix. Only a 950 bp fragment encoding the distal part of the first intron, second exon and a few nucleotides of the second intron bound to the nuclear matrix. The binding was independent of the tissue-specific tyrosine hydroxylase gene activation. The fragment was subcloned and sequenced. Computer search pointed to one potential intronic matrix attachment region with two AP1-like sites embedded in the sequence. We conclude that even if the position of the matrix binding region is conserved among the tyrosine hydroxylase genes in mammals, its tissue specificity and/or function is not preserved or is achieved by different mechanisms.
PL
Auksyna wpływa na większość procesów wzrostu i rozwoju roślin. Szlak transdukcji sygnału auksyn tworzony jest przez komponenty białkowe, z których kluczowe są: receptory z rodziny TAAR (TIR1 oraz AFB1-3), represory odpowiedzi na auksynę AUX/IAA i czynniki transkrypcyjne AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR (ARF). Aktywność genów kodujących niektóre elementy tego szlaku jest regulowana przez niskocząsteczkowe regulatorowe RNA, miRNA (micro RNA), i siRNA (short-interfering RNA), endogenne, niekodujące małe RNA (small RNA, sRNA) o długości 20-25 nukleotydów, różniące się sposobem powstawania (prekursorowymi molekułami i szlakami syntezy) oraz funkcją. Sekwencje TIR1 i AFB1-3 zawierają miejsce docelowe dla miR393 i drugorzędowe dla siTAAR. Transkrypt genu IAA28 jest celem dla miR847. Ekspresja genów: ARF10, ARF16 i ARF17 podlega bezpośredniej kontroli przez miR160, ARF6 i ARF8 przez miR167, natomiast ekspresja ARF2-4 podlega regulacji przez miR390 za pośrednictwem ta-siRNA pochodzącego z locus TAS3. sRNA wpływają przede wszystkim na lokalizację tkankową i czasową opisanych elementów szlaku auksynowego.
EN
Auxin affects almost all of the growth and development processes in plants. The auxin signal transduction pathway involves a number of proteins, among which the key elements are: TAAR auxin receptors (TIR1 and AFB1-3), AUX/IAA auxin response repressors and Auxin Response Factor (ARF) transcription factors. The activity of genes encoding some components of this pathway is affected by regulatory low-molecular-weight RNAs - miRNA (micro RNA) and siRNA (short-interfering RNA) - endogenous non-coding 20-25 nucleotides long small RNA (sRNA), differing in the way of formation (precursor molecules and biosynthesis pathways) and function. TIR1 and AFB1-3 contain miR393 target sequence and siTAAR secondary target site. IAA28 transcripts are targeted by miR847. Expression of ARF10, ARF16 i ARF17 is directly controlled by miR160, ARF6 and ARF8 by miR167, and ARF2-4 indirectly by miR390 through TAS3-derived ta-siRNAs. sRNAs influence primarily the tissue and temporal localization of described components of the auxin signal transduction pathway.
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