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Histological effects of tramadol on the uterus of albino wistar rat

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Ikegwuonu O. P., Okamkpa C. J., Udeh C. J., Ikegwuonu I. P., Ohagwu U. F., Eyamba-Idem I. I., Usoh A. C., Achukee C. K.
World News of Natural Sciences
|
2025
|
vol. 58
61-77
EN
Tramadol is a synthetic opioid primarily used in pain management. A report by the National Bureau of Statistics (2018) shows that 4.6 million people have misused tramadol in Nigeria. This is due to its availability at cheap prices in pharmacies which do not require prescriptions. Researches has proven and shown that tramadol can be used in the treatment of early ejaculations, extended orgasm and increase performance in men. But the absence of information on the effect of tramadol on the female reproductive system, the concept of fertility is the reason for this study. The present study was undertaken to investigate the histological effects of tramadol on female fertility. The specific objectives were to; A) To evaluate the effect of tramadol misuse on the histology of the Uterus B) To investigate the behavioral effect of tramadol abuse on female albino rats. The study adopted the experimental design. Thirty-six (36) healthy female albino wistar rats (100-150g) were used for this study. Following parturition, they were divided into five groups of six rats per group (6) labeled 1- 5. Treatment was carried out as follows: Group 1 (Normal Control) received the normal feed and distilled water. Group 2: Tramadol (25 mg/kg/day), Group 3: Tramadol (25 mg/kg/day), Group 4: Tramadol (50 mg/kg/day), Group5: Tramadol (50 mg/kg/alternate days). Treatment was done for the period of thirty-three day at 11:00 daily. At the end of experiment, animals were sacrificed using cervical dislocation, the uterus organs were harvested, fixed in 10% formal saline and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin. The Uterus tissues of rats in the control group showed normal uterine features and those treated with 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg of only dose of tramadol showed moderate or severe necrotic effects on the endometrial lining. This study affirms that the abuse of tramadol hydrochloride has a deleterious chronic toxic effect on their uterus.
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