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EN
Specific microclimate is often present in livestock buildings, which creates conditions suitable for the invasion and development of various microorganisms. From the sanitary-epidemiological point of view, the presence of even potentially pathogenic bacteria, and in particular fungi and their metabolic products, may endanger human life and health and the livestock. The aim of this study was to characterize microbial quality of livestock buildings in farms. The air samples were collected in farming buildings, such as cow houses, hen house, barn and granary. Bioaerosol samples were collected using a six-stage Andersen impactor. During sampling, air relative humidity (RH) and temperature were measured with thermohigrometer Kestrel 4000. Qualitative evaluation of the air microflora isolated from air revealed that the dominant microorganisms were bacteria from the genera Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, and Bacillus and fungi: Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium and Penicillium. On the basis of the results it was found that the highest concentration of bioaerosol was in buildings where sanitary standards were not met – animal faeces were not removed, air humidity was above 70% and the ventilation was insufficient.
PL
W obiektach inwentarskich często powstaje specyficzny mikroklimat stwarzający odpowiednie warunki dla zasiedlenia i życia różnorodnych mikroorganizmów. Z punktu widzenia sanitarno-epidemiologicznego obecność bakterii nawet potencjalnie patogennych, a w szczególności grzybów i ich produktów metabolicznych może zagrażać zdrowiu i życiu człowieka oraz egzystencji zwierząt hodowlanych. Celem badań była ocena jakości mikrobiologicznej powietrza w budynkach inwentarskich w gospodarstwach rolnych. Pomiary aerozolu biologicznego wykonywano w obiektach inwentarskich takich jak obory, stodoła, kurnik i budynek spichlerza. Próbki powietrza pobierano przy użyciu 6-stopniowego impaktora Andersen. W trakcie poboru próbek wykonywano także pomiary temperatury oraz wilgotności względnej powietrza przy wykorzystaniu urządzenia Kestrel 4000. Analiza ilościowa wykazała, że stężenia aerozolu biologicznego w badanych obiektach inwentarskich i gospodarczych były wyższe niż dla powietrza zewnętrznego. Najwyższe stężenia aerozolu bakteryjnego jak i grzybowego stwierdzono w oborach. Analiza jakościowa mikroorganizmów wyizolowanych z próbek powietrza wykazała, że dominującymi gatunkami w badanych obiektach były bakterie z rodzajów Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, Bacillus oraz grzyby z rodzajów Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium i Penicillium. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań wykazano, że najwyższe stężenia bioaerozolu występowały w obiektach, w których nagromadzone były odchody zwierząt oraz panowała w nich podwyższona wilgotność tj. powyżej wartości 70% i była niewłaściwa wentylacja.
EN
Air microbial quality of the municipal landfill site and in its surroundings was evaluated. Adverse impact of the municipal landfill site in Tarnow on the atmospheric environment was noted, despite the use of correct waste disposal technology. The sampling site and season of the year significantly affected the numbers of various groups of air microorganisms at the municipal landfill site and in its vicinity. For most cases, the effects of the sampling site on the microbial numbers were stronger than that of the season of the year. In this study, higher microbial numbers were observed at the sampling sites located in the area of the active landfill site compared to those located in its vicinity. The obtained results indicate, that despite the lack of current limits for bioaerosol levels the landfill site, even after its closing and reclamation, may still not be a suitable place for any public usage. Therefore, any regular microbiological studies of air should be carried out for a long time both at the area of landfill site and in its vicinity. These results could allow to define the time, when the landfill site become stable, regarding the numbers of microorganisms released to air.
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