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EN
Water Quality index indicating the water quality in terms of index number, offers a useful representation of overall quality of water for public or for any intended use, as well as in pollution abatement programmes and in water quality management. The present study was carried out to determine the Water Quality Index (WQI) of selected rivers in Warri, Delta State, using fourteen physicochemical parameters and on the basis of weighted Arithmetic Index in order to access the suitability of this water for consumption, recreation and other purposes. The parameters were measured monthly for one year at the six selected water bodies. In this study, WQI was determined by the analysis-on the basis of various physicochemical parameters such as pH, chlorides, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, total dissolved solid, total suspended solids, chlorides, sulphates, chemical oxygen demand, oil/grease. Result obtained for the different sampling sites were found to fall within the WQI classifications - poor water (100-200) to unsuitable water or unfit (>300). There is, therefore, the need to periodically assess these water bodies to ensure the quality is suitable for the intended purpose.
EN
Environmental pollution has resulted in several health and physiological problems in both plants and animals. This has witnessed growing number of models for assessment purposes. Some of these provide useful information, and reduce large data for easier understanding by policy-makers. In the current study of pollution, we used data from four locations: Oil Market, Trans Amadi, Borrokiri and GRA in Port Harcourt and a control taken from Federal Land Resource Umuahia (FLRU). A total of 25 composite soil samples were analyzed for physicochemical parameters and heavy metals, by means of a 969 Unicam AAS model series. The data obtained were then subjected to index models. Results showed iron (Fe) to be most abundant metal, ranging from 10.44 to 19.54 mg/kg, then Ni (8.03 to 13.6mg/kg), Cd (3.96 to 5.41 mg/kg), Pb (1.36 to 7.64 mg/kg), Zn (0.09 to 7.24 mg/kg), Cu (0.16 to 0.32) and As (0.07 to 0.11 mg/kg). All metal concentrations were below permissible limits set by NESRA. Contamination factor (Cf) and Igeo revealed moderate to heavy contamination by Cd and Zn. Anthropogenicity revealed that increasing metals in the environment are largely from anthropogenic inputs. The Pollution Index revealed that soils were unpolluted (PLI < 1) with the heavy metals. Furthermore, the Sodium absorption ratio showed that the soils are less sodic and could be good soils for plant growth. All four sites showed a linear relationship between anthropogenicity and geoaccumulation indexes, and so both indexes furnish basically the same information However, pollution from these metals in the study area should be under routine check for possible pollution in the near future, as some metals showed elevated concentrations above background values.
EN
Due to the differences in reporting units and methodology on microplastics (MP) studies, there has been some difficulty in comparing results across studies. In this study, we presented index models that can be address this issue. Index models for pollution and health risks assessment was applied to MP data obtained from rivers in Nwangele L.G.A. Models such as microplastics contamination factor (MPCF), microplastics pollution load index (MPPLI), Microplastics polymer risk indices (Hi) and pollution risk index (MPR) for pollution and contamination assessment. Health risk models such estimated daily intake (EDI) and microplastic carcinogenic risks (MPCR) through oral and dermal pathway were also presented and applied. Results showed that there is no direct correlation of MP abundance with MPR. However, Hi correlated but with MPR. Increased MPs pollution risks and levels were extensively subject to the presence of harmful MPs polymers, just as the high MPs pollution loads index (MPPLI). The index models enabled easy comparison of MP pollution of the different rivers and provided concise information on the status of MPs in the rivers.
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