Search results

Sort By:

Limit search:

Mechanism of Action of Chaperones in Protein Function

100%

Adio W. S., Obunadike C. V., Ogunsanmi A. O.

World News of Natural Sciences

2022

vol. 44

333-354

The building blocks of living cells, proteins are enormous collections of nitrogenous organic molecules that are polymers of the amino acids that animals must consume to grow and repair their tissues. ATP-dependent proteins known as chaperones serve as foldases (protein folding assistants), holdases (bind folding intermediates), and disaggregates (convert aberrant protein to monomers). Chaperones include, but are not limited to, DnaJ, DnaK, GrpE, and Hsp33. The majority of chaperones have a cleft containing the nucleotide-binding site that divides the ATPase domain into two subdomains. The features of the C-terminal domain depend on the kind of bound nucleotide. In the presence of ATP, peptides bind and dissociate quickly and with low affinity. In contrast, the affinity increases significantly while the rate of peptide binding reduces when neither ADP nor nucleotide are connected to the N-terminal domain. Hsp90 is a homodimer with a 60 n dissociation constant. In reaction to high temperature or other types of cellular stress that prevent protein folding, several chaperones turn on their activity. Neurodegenerative, Parkinson's, and polyQ diseases, among others, can all be treated with chaperones. This is possible when a protein prevents the accumulation of protein species with improper folding. The suppression of dangerous protein oligomers by clustering, illness response related to protein aggregation, and cancer maintenance are a few new functions for chaperones that are still being discovered.

Effect of pesticide residue in food crops on man and his environment

64%

Obunadike C. V., Yakubu Y. Y., Abdulrazaq O. O., Ogunsanmi A. O., Muhammad Z., Adio W. S., Lawal I. A., Adisa A. S.

World News of Natural Sciences

2022

vol. 44

192-214

The use of pesticides has been a catalyst that improves crop quality and yield. It can be designed using conventional or modern technologies depending on the type of pesticides being used. It is used to prevent organisms that are considered to be harmful to crop growth and development by protecting them from pests and diseases, thus increasing food crop’s quality. There are several classifications of pesticides among which are; insecticides, fungicides, rodenticides, etc. Physicochemical and biological methods are the basic two ways of detecting pesticide poisoning. Immunoassays (biological) are the most prominent methods of detection, it requires the use of fluorescent, chemiluminescent or other detection methods to detect drugs, proteins, and some hormones. Pesticide residues are responsible for environmental pollution such as groundwater contamination, global warming and killing non-target organisms in the soil. Exposing the human body to excess pesticide residue can lead to various severe health conditions such as cancer, asthma, etc. The metabolism of pesticides in the body system undergoes two stages, namely; phase one and phase two. oxidation reactions occur in phrase one whereby pesticides functional groups are majorly synthesized by Cytochrome P450 enzymes. Phase two includes the reactions of phase I substrate with glucuronic acid (C6H10O7), tetraoxosulphate(VI) acid (H2SO4), ethanoic acid (CH3COOH), etc. to form more polar compounds for easy excretion. The introduction of inexpensive biodegradable pesticides and the enforcement and implementation of pesticide control and regulation laws has helped to decrease the negative effects of pesticide residue in humans and the surroundings. Pesticide residue can be eliminated or reduced from food crops by practicing organic farming, washing, and food product processing, natural pesticide application, and rational use of pesticides. It is highly recommended to follow the prescription of pesticides used to avoid its toxicity in the biological systems.

Refine search results

2 World News of Natural Sciences

2 2022

2 Adio W. S.

2 Obunadike C. V.

2 Ogunsanmi A. O.

1 Abdulrazaq O. O.

1 Adisa A. S.

1 Lawal I. A.

1 Muhammad Z.

1 Yakubu Y. Y.

Search results

Mechanism of Action of Chaperones in Protein Function

Effect of pesticide residue in food crops on man and his environment