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Locomotor recovery after thoracic spinal cord lesions in cats, rats

100%
Majczynski H., Slawinska U.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2007
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vol. 67
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issue 3
235-257
EN
More than a hundred years of extensive studies have led to the development of clinically valid animal models of spinal cord injury (SCI) used to investigate neurophysiological mechanisms, pathology and potential therapies. The cat and rat models of SCI were found particularly useful due to several behavioral responses that correspond to clinical symptoms seen in patients. This review concentrates on recovery of motor behavior in the rat and cat models of thoracic spinal cord injury. At the beginning an outline of the general concept of neural control of locomotion: the existence of a spinal network producing the locomotor activity and the supraspinal and sensory inputs that influence this network is presented. Next, the severity of functional impairment in relation to the extent and precise location of lesions at the thoracic level in cats and rats is described. Finally, the impact of animal studies on the treatment of SCI patients and the possibility that a spinal network producing the locomotor activity also exists in humans is discussed.
2
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Estimation of the distribution of EMG signal amplitude

100%
Jalen P., Slawinska U.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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1996
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vol. 56
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issue 1
189-196
EN
Quantitative analysis of electromyographic (EMG) data still demands new methods. One of the methods is based on counting occurrences of signal crossings of "noise level" (per time unit). This provides an estimator of the socalled "aggregate activity". These data can be obtained by a spike trigger connected to a computer. Comparison of total activity of firing motor units in intact and affected muscles may give important information about neuromuscular system in norm and pathology. The aggregate activity method does not seem, however, to be completly objective, because its results depend on the value of the noise level selected by the experimenter. Thus, we propose the modification that allows: (1) quantitative estimation of how the results obtained with the aggregate activity method depend on the value of selected level, and (2) assessment of the distribution of the EMG signal amplitude -i.e., appearance particular height spikes in the signal. The advantages and disadvantages of the method are discussed in the context of two experimental models.
3
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Electrical hippocampal activity during danger and safety signals in classical conditioning in the rat

81%
Kasicki S., Jelen P., Olszewski M., Slawinska U.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2009
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vol. 69
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issue 1
119-128
EN
The effect of stimuli predicting danger (DS) and safety (SS) in Pavlovian aversive conditioning on hippocampal local field potentials (LFP) was studied in 25 partially restrained adult male rats (Long-Evans). DS lasting 5 s preceded tail-shock, while SS overlapping DS during DS last 3 s predicted omission of shock. The power spectra of LFPs during trials were analyzed in theta and delta frequency bands. In DS, theta frequency during the last 3 s was lower that in first 2 s. In danger and safety situation theta peak frequency was different for dorsal CA1 activity (5.99 Hz vs. 6.86 Hz, respectively), while delta peak frequency was different for ventral CA1 (1.56 Hz vs. 1.07 Hz) for the last 3 s of trial. Differences in theta frequency in danger and safety situation may reflect differences in sensory processing during induced emotional states and/or related differences in motor behavior.
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