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Folia Biologica
|
2000
|
vol. 48
|
issue 1-2
29-31
EN
The heterochromatin bands were obtained after modification of standard procedure. The modification eliminated or greatly reduced treatment in 0.2 N HCL, and prolong treatment in Ba(OH)2.8H20, in decreased temperature of Ba(OH)2.8H2O and 2xSSC.
Folia Biologica
|
1995
|
vol. 43
|
issue 1-2
35-40
EN
C-banding of Amara aenea Calathus erratus, and Harpalus picipennis are presented.The results indicate that in chromosomes of the investigated species the constitutive heterochromatine is mainly located in the proximity of the centromers.Only the first pair of autosomes of A.aenea has a large terminal band and thin intercalar segment and the X chromosome of H.picipennis has a thin intercalar C-positive segment.
EN
An analysis was made of the C-banded karyotype of Strophosoma capitatum (Deg.). The results indicate that the chromosome number is 2n=22 and n%=10+Xyp. The examined karyotype shows a pericentromeric position of constitutive heterochromatin in all autosomes. The shorter arm of the X chromosome is heterochromatic while the y chromosome is wholly euchromatic. Successive stages of spermatogenesis were analysed.
Folia Biologica
|
2001
|
vol. 49
|
issue 3-4
179-182
EN
The C-banding pattern of Bembidion geniculatum, Silpha atrata, Prosternon tesselatum, and Epicometis hirta are presented. All analysed species have pracentromeric C-bands on autosomes and chromosome X but the widest ones are visible in the karyotype of B. geniculatum. In S. atrata, P. tesselatum, and E. hirta sex chromosome y is heterochromatic, only B. geniculatum having the Y chromosome wholly euchromatin. The results indicate that on the chromosomes of the investigated species do not have a terminal and an intercalar segments of heterochromatin.
EN
C-banded karyotypes were studied in the males of seven ladybird species from the subfamily Coccinellinae, viz. Adonia variegata (Goeze), Tythaspis sedecimpunctata (L.), Coccinella septempunctata (L.), Calvia decemguttata (L.), Calvia quatuordecimguttata (L.), Propylea quatuordecimpunctata (L.), Phyllobora vigintiduopunctata (L.). All the species, with the exception of Tythaspis sedecimpunctata (L.), possess 2n=20, n male=9+Xyp. Tythaspis sedecimpunctata (L.), however, has 2n=24, n male=11+Xy. The examined karyotypes show only a paracentromeric position of constitutive heterochromatin in all autosomes and the sex chromosome X, while the y heterochromosome is dot-like and wholly euchromatic. Successive stages of spermiogenesis were analysed.
EN
B-chromosomes were observed in spermatogonial mitotic metaphases, meiotic metaphases I and II of Barypeithes pellucidus from one population in Slovakia. The number of B-chromosomes ranged from one to six per cell and they paired with the sex heterochromosomes in the first meiotic metaphase and rarely with the autosomes. In metaphase I one B-chromosome was always associated with X chromosome forming a tripartite complex. The XyBp was easily recognizable as a complex of three chromosomes in a parachute association The size of the B-chromosomes was approximately the same or a little smaller than that of the y heterochromosome which was the smallest element of the regular chromosome set. Their staining intensity seems to be similar to that of the autosomes and sex chromosomes, respectively. The behaviour of B-chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis in weevils is briefly discussed.
EN
Karyotypic details were studied in males of eight beetle species from four families, viz. Carabidae: Elaphrus cupreus Duft. (2n=33, n=16+X), Elaphrus aureus Mull. (2n=31, n=15+X), Elaphrus ullrichii Redt. (2n=31, n=15+X); Scarabaeidae: Oxythyrea funesta (Poda) (2n=19, n=9+X); Cerambycidae: Agapanthia violacea (F.) (2n=20, n=9+Xyp), and Chrysomelidae: Oulema gallaeciana (Heyd.) (2n=16, n=7+Xyp), Colaphus sophiae (Schall.) (2n=27, n=13+X), Phaedon cochleariae (F.) (2n=34,n=16+Xyp). The chromosome number and sex determining system of four species are described for the first time. Evolutionary trends in karyotypes of the studied beetle groups are briefly discussed.
EN
The C-banded karyotypes of Metasyrphus corollae and Spherophoria scripta are presented. Their karyotypes show the same chromosome number 2n=8, the constitutive heterochromatin in both karyotypes has pericentromeric location, in M. corollae an additional C-band positive occuring on the third pair of autosomes. In the complement of the described species an exception is the whole euchromatin Y chromosome.
EN
An analysis was made of C-banding chromosomes of the following syrphid species (Diptera): Eristalinus aeneus (Scop.), Eristalis arbustorum (L.), Eristalis tenax (L.) and Myiatropa florea (L.).The results indicate that karyotypes of Eristalinus aeneus and Eristalis tenax have 2n=10 chromosomes, Eristalis arbustorum 2n= 12+10 microsomes and those of Myiatropa florea 2n=10 chromosomes.The examined karyotypes show only pericentromeric position of the constitutive heterochromatine. Eristalis arbustorum and Eristalis tenax have much larger C-positive blocks than Eristalis tenax and Myiatropa florea.In Eristalinu aeneus the secomd pair of autosomes is heteromorphic and the fourth onle is wholly euchromatic. In the sex chromosomes the C-positive segments has X while Y is always euchromatic.
EN
The C-banding patterns of twelve weevil species are presented. The obtained results confirm the existence of two groups of species: with a small or large amount of heterochromatin in the karyotype. The first group comprises seven species (Apionidae: Holotrichapion pisi; Curculionidae: Phyllobius urticae, Ph. pyri, Ph. maculicornis, Tanymecus palliatus, Larinodontes turbinatus, Cionus tuberculosus). In weevils with a small amount of heterochromatin, tiny grains on the nucleus in interphase are visible, afterwards in mitotic and meiotic prophase appearing as dark dots. The absence of C-bands does not indicate a lack of heterochromatin but heterochromatic regions are sometimes so small that the condensation is not visible during the cell cycle. The second group comprises five species (Otiorhynchus niger, O. morio, Polydrusus corruscus, Barypeithes chevrolati, Nedyus quadrimaculatus) which possess much larger heteropicnotic parts of chromosomes visible during all nuclear divisions. The species examined have paracentromeric C-bands on autosomes and the sex chromosome X, except for Otiorhynchus niger, which also has an intercalary bands on one pair of autososomes. All the species examined differ in the size of segments of constitutive heterochromatin. The y heterochromosome is dot-like and wholly euchromatic in all the studied species.
EN
Karyological studies were carried out on six bisexual weevil species from five subfamilies, viz. ? Otiorhynchinae, Cleoninae, Curculioninae, Pissodinae, and Hylobiinae. The following chromosome numbers were found in individual species: in Peritelus leucogrammus Germ., Phyllobius cloropus (L.), and Hypera viciae (Gyll.) 2n = 22, n_ = 10+Xyp, in Curculio venosus Grav. 2n= 26, n_ = 12+Xyp, in Magdalis armigera (Foucr.) 2n = 36, n_ = 17+Xyp, in Lixus filiformis (F.) 2n = 44, n_ = 21+Xyp. The heterochromosomes of all the examined species form, in the first meiotic metaphase, a parachute bivalent. The mitoses were observed and analysed in three species. The karyotypes of Peritelus leucogrammus Germ., Phyllobius cloropus (L.), and Curculio venosus Grav. are constituted by metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes.
EN
The results of karyological studies of Curculionidae published since 1978 are summarized. Chromosome complements for 189 species are presented. Diploid chromosome number 2n=22, and meioformula n%=10+Xyp is the most characteristic chromosome number of weevils occuring in more than one-third of species examined karyologically. In Curculionidae there is a clear tendency towards symmetrization of karyotypes.
EN
Cytogenetic investigations were carried out on seven species of bisexual weevils from five subfamilies. The following numbers of chromosomes were found in individual species: 2n=22, n_=10+Xyp in Ptochus porcellus Boh. (Otiorhynchinae); 2n=40, n_=19+Xyp in Larinodontes turbinatus Gyll. (Cleoninae); 2n=26, n_=12+Xyp in Curculio pellitus (Boh.) (Curculioninae); 2n=30, n_=14+Xyp in Acalles camelus (F.), Acalles echinatus (Germ.), Acalles hypocrita Boh. (Cryptorhynchinae), and 2n=40, n_=19+Xyp in Cionus hortulanus (Foucr.) (Mecininae). The heterochromosomes of all the examined species form, in the first meiotic metaphase, a parachute bivalent. The chromosome number and sex determining system of six species and two genera are described for the first time.
EN
Chromosome numbers and C-banding patterns of sixteen weevil species are presented. The obtained results confirm the existence of two groups of species with either a small or large amount of heterochromatin in the karyotype. The first group comprises twelve species (Apionidae: Oxystoma cerdo, Eutrichapion melancholicum, Ceratapion penetrans, Ceratapion austriacum, Squamapion flavimanum, Rhopalapion longirostre; Nanophyidae: Nanophyes marmoratus; Curculionidae: Centricnemus (=Peritelus) leucogrammus, Sitona humeralis, Sitona lineatus, Sitona macularis, Sitona suturalis). In weevils with a small amount of heterochromatin, tiny grains on the nucleus during interphase are visible, afterwards appearing as dark dots during mitotic and meiotic prophase. The second group comprises four species from the curculionid subfamily Cryptorhynchinae (Acalles camelus, Acalles commutatus, Acalles echinatus, Ruteria hypocrita) which possess much larger heteropycnotic chromosome parts visible during all nuclear divisions. The species examined have pericentromeric C-bands on autosomes and on the X chromosome.
EN
Karyological investigations were carried out on eight species of bisexual weevil belonging to five subfamilies, viz. - Otiorhynchinae, Brachyderinae, Cleoninae, Hylobiinae, Ceutorhynchinae.
EN
Karyotypes of three weevil species, viz. Brachysomus dispar (2n=22, n=10+Xyp), Brachysomus hirtus (3n=33, n=10+X) and Strophosoma faber (2n=22, n=10+Xyp) belonging to the tribes Sciaphilini and Brachyderini, were studied using the C-banding technique. The karyotype structures of the two bisexual and one parthenogenetic species are described for the first time. Most chromosomes are meta- or submetacentric. In the two species of the genus Brachysomus, the chromosomes resemble one another in having a rather small amount of heterochromatin restricted to the pericentromeric region, visible as dark stained blocks mainly during the early stages of nuclear division. Larger bands at mitotic metaphase and diakinesis occur only in Strophosoma faber. Geographic parthenogenesis in Brachysomus hirtus is briefly discussed.
EN
The karyotype structure of Laena reitteri is described for the first time. The chromosome number 2n=18+1-3B and meioformula n%=8+Xyp+1-3B deviates from the modal tenebrionid number. The karyotype exhibits low variation in morphology and length. The diploid set consists of four long (subtelocentric and acrocentric), twelve medium-sized acrocentric autosomes and sex heterochromosomes Xy. The X chromosome is submeta- centric, while the y is acrocentric and the smallest element of the set. On mitotic and meiotic plates 1-3 small additional elements are also visible, and probably represent B The NORs are very active at mitotic prophase and early meiotic stages.
EN
Karyological studies were carried out on three Armenian weevil species from the subfamily Cleoninae. The following chromosome numbers were found in individual species: 2n = 38, n% = 18+Xyp in Menecleonus anxius (Gyllenhal, 1824), 2n=40, n% = 19+Xyp in Conorhynchus nigrivittis (Pallas, 1781) and 2n = 44, n% =21+Xyp in Lixus iridis Olivier, 1807. The heterochromosomes of all the examined species form, in the first meiotic metaphase, a typical parachute bivalent.
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