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PL
The author discusses the interrelationships between play and the art of urbanism focusing on the cluster of nodal places called here “nodes of urbanity”. At the background of Huizinga’s theory of Homo ludens as cultural component, the analysis of these foci of urban life seem to have explanatory value for architectural and anthropological theories of the “Ludic City”. The main points of this conceptual framework are illustrated with two cases from the city of K rakow.
PL
Tematem artykułu są projekty śródmieść niemieckich metropolii o znaczeniu strategicznym dla prowadzenia procesu rewitalizacji urbanistycznej oraz integrowania przestrzennej struktury metropolitalnej. Autor analizuje następujące projekty: HafenCity w Hamburgu, rewitalizacji powojskowych i poprzemysłowych terenów nadbrzeżnych Haweli w Poczdamie – ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem teatru Hansa Otto i Parku Miejskiego oraz trzy projekty o kluczowym znaczeniu dla integrowania funkcjonalno-przestrzennej struktury Berlina po roku 1990: kompleks rządowy „Spreebogen”, Dworzec Główny i projekt Odnowy Wyspy Muzeów. W podsumowaniu przedstawiono współzależności między architekturą metropolis i architektoniką sieci przestrzeni publicznych i miejsc węzłowych, czyli strukturą porządkującą przestrzeń urbanistyczną pod względem funkcjonalno-przestrzennym, w warstwie symboliki kulturowej i estetyki krajobrazu miejskiego. Pojęcia: „sieć przestrzeni publicznych” i „miejsca węzłowe” mają także walor porządkujący w odniesieniu do aspektów społeczno-ekonomicznych w zbiorze atrybutów charakteryzujących badane modele przestrzennej struktury metropolitalnej.
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The idea of the city and planning theories

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PL
The main question put forward in this paper is whether it is possible to outline the main features expressing the idea of a metropolitan city in the late-modern Europe and to point out their relations with contemporary theories of urban planning. In order to identify and systematise “the common ideological indicators” of a contemporary European metropolis, the following criteria have been used: 1) universally recognised principles of urban development, 2) basic assessment criteria of the urban spatial structure and 3) the major modes of controlling urban development. The author has also attempted to systematise the major urban planning theories developed at the turn of the 20th and 21st century and the planning concepts corresponding to various models of spatial structure development that can be found in the new European metropolises. The observations have been illustrated with two examples of planning practice.
PL
In this article, the territorial aspects of the idea of tomorrow’s house are viewed from two perspectives; the theory of urbanism, and as a technical issue concerning the formulation of principles of a spatial policy towards the housing environment as well as respective planning techniques with particular reference to the code of practice developed in order to translate these policies into specific regulations and design guidelines. In planning practice, concretizing the general rules of a spatial policy requires a reference to structural urban units. However, while defining their properties in spatial planning documents, we ought to pay more attention to the relationship between the architectural and anthropological attributes of this category of urbanized space and its impact on the utilitarian values of a place of residence. The author also indicates some interdependences between the land use planning techniques, applied as environmental policy tools dedicated specifically to urban structural units, and respective policy statements used in socio-economic planning to guide housing development in accordance with strategic goals. Certain similarities between these strategies are presented as are such theoretical concepts as the architecture of the city, space syntax or the just city.
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