The temperature dependences of optical birefringence δ(Δn) for the principal cuts of [N(CH_{3})_{4}]_{2}CuCl_{4} crystals are measured. On the basis of the obtained experimental and theoretical data the anomalous behavior of physical parameters in conditions of the "viscous" interaction of the modulated structure with mobile defects in the incommensurate phase is explained.
Electric and optical properties of the commensurate ferroelectric long-periodic phase in [N(CH_{3})_{4}]_{2}ZnCl_{4} and [N(CH_{3})_{4}]_{2}CoCl_{4} crystals were investigated to explain mechanism of the double hysteresis loops appearance.
The influence of applied mechanical stress on the birefringence of (N(CH_{3})_{4})_{2}ZnCl_{4} crystal in the temperature region of its incommensurate phase was investigated using Senarmonth's method (λ = 633 nm). The value of pinning force for the samples with different defectiveness was experimentally determined.
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