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Seasonal waves of influenza and cause-specific mortality in Germany

100%
Huy C., Kuhn D., Schneider S., Zöllner I.
Open Medicine
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2012
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vol. 7
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issue 4
450-456
EN
Seasonal influenza epidemics regularly lead to an increase in population-based mortality in Germany and other industrialized nations. This study aimed to investigate seasonal variations in waves of influenza and cause-specific mortality rates. We analyzed influenza case data, monthly mortality rates and environmental temperature in the state of Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany, between 2001 and 2006 using visual methods and bivariate statistics. Peaks in overall mortality rates were associated with waves of influenza and preceded by a drop in the environmental temperature. During an influenza epidemic, many cause-specific mortality rates increased, that is to say, there were coinciding peaks for diseases of the respiratory and the circulatory system. There are several reasons which might explain the observed temporal associations between reported cases of influenza and cause-specific mortality: 1) the general physical impairment of persons with chronic diseases; 2) the combined effect of low environmental temperatures and seasonal waves of influenza; 3) the system of coding underlying disease in death certificates. Our findings point to an underestimated role of influenza in mortality in Germany.
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Back Care Programmes: The Low Participation of Target Groups and Unclear Effectiveness as Primary Prevention

88%
Schneider S., Terris D., Schiltenwolf M., Barié A., Diehl K.
Human Movement
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2011
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vol. 12
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issue 2
133-138
EN
Purpose. Back care programmes (BCPs) for the prevention of back pain are widespread in Germany. They are intensively promoted and financed by health insurance organizations. The goal of the conducted research was to investigate whether BCPs adequately reach the targeted risk groups for primary and secondary prevention and whether the interventions employed are effective in reducing work disability and absenteeism due to back pain. Basic procedures. Absenteeism associated with back pain (ICD-10 codes M40-M54) and with participation in a BCP were evaluated based on data from 2004 through 2006 for a random sample of 9,781 persons insured with an mandatory health insurance organization. Main findings. 97% of all BCP participants in 2005 had not received a sick leave certificate due to back pain in the previous year. Furthermore, neither bivariate, nor risk-adjusted logistic regression models demonstrated a significant relationship with BCP participation and the subsequent risk of back pain. Conclusions. Current BCPs show low participation of target groups. The effectiveness in primary prevention of new cases is unclear.
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