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Preliminary checklist of Moths (Insecta: Lepidoptera) and their role in maintenance of trophic chain of birds in Ecopark, West Bengal, India

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Roy A. B., Chatterjee L., Samanta T., Sinha S., Besra S.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2022
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vol. 44
308-315
EN
Ecopark Kolkata is a protected urban park of Kolkata West Bengal, having an area of approximately 480 acres. The study was conducted from May 2020 to April 2022. This study provides baseline data of moths in Ecopark, Kolkata. This is the first documentation and evaluation of the role of moths in the food web maintenance in birds, specially focused on an urban park in Kolkata. A total of 37 species under 12 families were reported in this present Survey. Of these, Crambidae shares maximum species 12 followed by Erebidae with 9 species; Noctuidae with 4 species; Zygaenidae, Sphingidae, Pyralidae each with 2 species and Uraniidae, Pterophoridae, Euteliidae, Geometridae, Nolidae, Limacodidae each with 1 species. The maximum number of the caterpillars of moth was found on Crotalaria retusa, Hymenocallis littoralis, Hiptage benghalensis, Ziziphus ziziphus, Moringa oleifera, Pithecellobium dulce, Lantana camara etc. Preference of food in between the resident birds also were found to be variable based on the bird species and the life stage of the moth and that in an urban park where vegetation and associated diversity is limited, moths can serve as a good supplementary food source for birds.
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Diversity and Seasonal activities of Munias with preferent wild grasses in Rajarhat marshy grassland, West Bengal, India

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Chatterjee L., Samanta T., Chaudhuri N., Besra S., Roy A. B.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2023
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vol. 50
60-72
EN
The Scaly-breasted Munia Lonchura punctulata, Tricolored Munia Lonchura malacca, White-rumped Munia Lonchura striata, and Indian Silverbill Euodice malabarica are members of the Estrildidae family and are native to both India and Sri Lanka, however the Chestnut Munia Lonchura atricapilla and Red Avadavat Amandava amandava are only found in India. They typically congregate in groups of several birds and occasionally sit alongside other munia species in plains near water sources, marshy grasslands, or even high altitude grasslands. By using the point-count approach, the diversity and seasonal activities of Munias with preferent wild grasses were identified from August 2021 to July 2022 in Rajarhat, West Bengal, a marshy grassland area. The findings showed that the Scaly-breasted Munia (3164), Tricolored Munia (773), Red Avadavat (548), Chestnut Munia (107), and Indian Silverbill (100) were the most prevalent species. Only two White-rumped Munia were found at the site during the study period. In the research location, munias were seen gathering for nesting and foraging from 13 different types of grasses and most usable grasses were Saccharum spontaneum and Echinochloa colona. January had the most Munias (3540), followed by December (624), while April had the fewest (23). For bird watching, Rajarhat's grasslands, especially Munia, are well-known. But in the past ten years, Rajarhat's land-use pattern has altered significantly, and the amount of grassland is disappearing at a startling rate.
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Importance of Ecopark, Kolkata in the context of sustainability, compare to Rajarhat grassland, as a habitat for Odonata (Dragonflies and Damselflies) diversity

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Samanta T., Chatterjee L., Roy A. B., Sinha S., Besra S.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2022
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vol. 44
165-175
EN
The study was carried out from June 2021 to May 2022, to know the status and diversity of the Odonata (Dragonfly and Damselfly) fauna at Ecopark, West Bengal. They are essential for environmental monitoring and serve as biological indicators of the health of the ecosystem. During the study period, 34 species of odonates from 26 Genera and 5 Families were identified in the study area. Three families made up Suborder Anisoptera, while two families made up Suborder Zygoptera. Among them, 29 species of dragonflies belonged to the Aeshnidae, Gomphidae and Libellulidae families, while 11 species of damselflies belonged to the Coenagrionidae and Platycnemididae families. The family Libellulidae had the highest species composition (62%) followed by the family Coenagrionidae (29 %). Among all Odonates, 35% were very common (VC), 44% Common (C) 15% rare (R) and 6% were very rare (R) on the presence of their abundance. Such observation can provide insightful data on the status of Odonate populations in context to Rajarhat grassland.
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