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Physical fitness of post-menopausal women submitted to a physical activities programme

100%
de Souza Santos C., Cader S., Dantas E., Moreira M.
Biomedical Human Kinetics
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2010
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vol. 2
93-96
EN
Study aim: To evaluate the effects of the ‘Menopause-in-Shape Programme’ on physical fitness of elderly women.Material and methods: A group of 323 elderly women lodged in the House for the Elderly participated in a 10-month programme (dancing or walking) and formed the experimental group. Another group of 289 elderly women (control) were sedentary throughout the study. All of them aged 60 - 89 years. Both groups were subjected to the Fullerton Functional Fitness Test battery: chair stand test (CST), arm curl test (ACT), 6-min walk test (6-WT), 2-min step test (2-ST), chair sit and reach test (SRT), scratch test (SCT) and 8-foot up and go test (8-UG).Results: In the experimental group, improvements were noted in CST (by 11.7%; p<0.001), ACT (by 9%; p<0.001), 2-ST (by 2.2%; p<0.001) and 8-UG (by 0.4%; p<0.05) but not in somatic variables. No significant changes were noted in the control group.Conclusions: The Menopause-in-Shape Programme is an efficient tool in improving physical fitness of elderly women even if no somatic effects can be expected.
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Effects of indoor cycling associated with diet on body composition and serum lipids

100%
do Valle V., de Mello D., Fortes M. d. S., Dantas E.
Biomedical Human Kinetics
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2009
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vol. 1
11-15
EN
Study aim: To determine the effects of indoor cycling training combined with restricted diet, lasting 12 weeks, on serum lipid concentrations in obese women.Material and methods: Twenty women aged 23.8 ± 3.6 years were randomly assigned into two groups: control (C) and experimental (E), the latter subjected to indoor cycling at various loads, 3 sessions weekly, every session lasting 45 min, combined with restricted diet (about 1200 kcal daily) for 12 weeks. The following variables were recorded: body height and mass, BMI, relative body fat content (from 7 skinfolds), fat-free mass, triglycerides, cholesterol and lipoproteins (HDL, LDL, VLDL).Results: Significant increase in HDL and significant decreases in all other variables (except body height) were noted only in the experimental group.Conclusions: Indoor cycling associated with restricted diet is an excellent option in controlling obesity and serum lipids.
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Acute effects of static stretching on muscle strength

100%
Torres J., Conceição M., de Oliveira Sampaio A., Dantas E.
Biomedical Human Kinetics
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2009
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vol. 1
52-55
EN
Study aim: To assess the effects of static passive maximal stretching on muscle performance in order to clarify the existing controversies.Material and methods: Two randomly selected groups of the Brazilian Air Force personnel were studied: experimental (n = 15), subjected to 3 bouts of static passive stretching exercises of wrist flexors and extensors (beyond a mild discomfort). Every bout lasted 10 s and was followed by a 30-s rest. The control group (n = 15) performed no exercises. Muscle strength was measured with a handgrip dynamometer before and 20 min after the test.Results: Subjects from the experimental group had the pre-exercise handgrip strength significantly higher than postexercise (by about 7%; p<0.01). No significant decrease was noted in the control group.Conclusions: Static passive stretching induces decreases in muscle strength.
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Acute effect of the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation method on vertical jump performance

88%
Nogueira C., dos Santos Galdino L., de Souza Vale R., de Mello D., Dantas E.
Biomedical Human Kinetics
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2010
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vol. 2
1-4
EN
Study aim: To assess the acute effect of the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation method (PNF) on the explosive strength of lower extremities of male soldiers.Material and methods: A group of 26 male soldiers performed two exercise sessions on different days, in a random order: without stretching (control exercise) or by applying PNF (experimental exercise). Before and after the PNF (0, 10, 20, 40 and 60 min), 3 vertical counter-movement jumps on a tensometric platform were executed.Results: CMJ results in the experimental sessions were significantly (p<0.001) decreased after the PNF exertion in relation to the initial (pre-session) value. No significant post-session decreases were found in the control exercise. However, the differences between the experimental and control results were significant (p<0.05) only immediately after the PNF exertion and 10 min later.Conclusion: The PNF method negatively affects the vertical jump performance and, thus, ought not to be used as part of warm-ups.
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Aerobic Capacity of Elderly Women Engaged in Controlled Physical Activity

88%
da Cunha R., de Assunção Ferreira M., Bezerra J., Guerra I., Dantas E.
Journal of Human Kinetics
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2010
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vol. 23
63-69
EN
The objective of this study was to evaluate the aerobic capacity of elderly participants in the family health program at Health Municipal Secretary, who were submitted to a regular program of physical exercise. This experimental study had a sample size of 98 hypertensive elderly women. The sample was divided randomly into an experimental group (EG; n=58, age: 67±6 years) and a control group (CG; n=40; age: 70±6 years). Aerobic capacity was evaluated by a six-minute walking test (WT6). The intervention program was conducted three times a week (Monday, Wednesday and Friday), between 17:00 and 17:45 hours, with an intensity that varied from 55% to 75% of the theoretical maximum heart rate. Student's paired t-tests or Wilcoxon tests were utilised in the intra-group analysis (for homogenous or heterogeneous distributions of the data, respectively). An ANOVA two-way parametric test was used to evaluate the inter-group data followed by the Scheffe post hoc test. A value of p<0.05 was adopted for statistical significance. The results revealed an increase in distance travelled in the EG in the post-test relative to the pretest (Δ= 70.58 m; p<0.0001) and relative to the CG post-test (Δ= 116.58 m; p<0.0001). Furthermore, the CG travelled less distance in the post-test than in the pre-test (Δ= -0.78 m; p=0.003). Therefore, we infer that a walking regimen of controlled intensity improves the distance travelled by elderly women in the WT6 by increasing their aerobic capacity.
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Flexibility: components, proprioceptive mechanisms and methods

88%
Dantas E., Daoud R., Trott A., Nodari R., Conceição M.
Biomedical Human Kinetics
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2011
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vol. 3
39-43
EN
A literature review on physical flexibility was presented and discussed. This included definitions and components that influence the performance of movements requiring large joint motion ranges and muscle elasticity. Flexibility was discussed with reference to specific age groups, e.g. children and the elderly. Proprioceptive mechanisms and components directly related to flexibility were overviewed, as well as suitable approaches towards flexibilisation, i.e. maintaining and/or enhancing flexibility.
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The Vertical Jump Height of Soccer Players after Static Overstretching

88%
Vasconcellos F., De Salles P., Junior A., De Mello D., Dantas E.
Human Movement
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2012
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vol. 13
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issue 1
4-7
EN
Purpose. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of static overstretching on performing a vertical jump. Methods. A methodological model was used, using descriptive and comparative methods on 45 randomly selected under-15-year-old male soccer players. Three jump test measurements were taken over a period of several days, where the first measurement included a pre-test in order to familiarize the athletes with using a contact mat, where maximum vertical jump height was recorded as a control. The second measurement had the athletes perform a vertical jump after static overstretching of the lower limbs. The third test had the athletes perform another vertical jump with no overstretching as another control. Results. The results found a significant difference in vertical jump heights (Δ% = 34.1%, p < 0.05), with jumps performed after static overstretching to be much lower. Conclusions. The usage of such a static overstretching method negatively influences the vertical jump within the tested group of under-15 male soccer players.
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Validity and Reproducibility of the Sargent Jump Test in the Assessment of Explosive Strength in Soccer Players

88%
de Salles P., Vasconcellos F., de Salles G., Fonseca R., Dantas E.
Journal of Human Kinetics
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2012
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vol. 33
115-121
EN
The purpose of this study was to check the validity and the intra- and inter-evaluators reproducibility of the Sargent Jump Test, as an instrument of explosive strength measurement of soccer players of the sub-15 class. Forty-five soccer players were randomly selected from different clubs competing in the local soccer championship. All subjects performed one test on the same jump platform model Jumptest® (Hidrofit Ltda, Brazil) and two independent Sargent Jump Tests assessed by the same evaluator. Two days later, another Sargent Jump Test was performed simultaneously assessed by 2 evaluators. In all tests, three jumps were performed and the highest one was registered. In order to check the validity, the first Sargent Jump Test results were compared to those from the jump platform, considered the gold standard. To evaluate intra- and inter-evaluator reproducibility, results from the first, second and third Sargent Jump Tests were analyzed. The validity and reproducibility were evaluated by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), and by the Bland and Altman test (statistical pack SPSS 11.0), with a significance level set at p<0.05. The values found for validity (r=0.99, p=0.001), for intra-evaluator reproducibility (r=0.99, p=0.001) and for inter-evaluator reproducibility (r=1.0, p=0.001), permitted us to conclude that the Sargent Jump Test is a valid and reproducible instrument for measuring the explosive strength in homogeneous groups, such as those used in the present study.
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Effects of non-linear periodisation training on the explosive force and plasma testosterone

76%
Souza S., Vale R., Kauffmann A., Pacobahyba N., Miranda H., Lima R., Dantas E.
Biomedical Human Kinetics
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2010
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vol. 2
97-101
EN
Study aim: To evaluate the effects of two strength training programmes on the explosive force of lower extremities and total testosterone levels in plasma of Brazilian football players.Material and methods: A group of 24 male football players aged 16 - 19 years participated in a 12-week training: non-linear periodised (NLP) or non-periodised (NP), 12 subjects each. Before and after training period, all subjects performed countermovement vertical jump (CMJ), horizontal jump and Flegner's power test, and total testosterone concentrations were determined in plasma.Results: Significant, training-induced changes in CMJ were found in both groups; by 7.4% (p<0.05) in the NLP group and by 8% (p<0.001) in NP group. Also in the long jump (SBJ) significant (p<0.05) changes were noted in both groups, by 0.9 and 4.4%, respectively. Serum testosterone concentrations significantly (p<0.05 - 0.01) increased post-training in both groups and the increase was significantly (p<0.01) greater in the NLP than in NP group.Conclusion: A larger number of athletes in future studies, as well as other sport categories and levels and a longer training period would be advisable in order to strengthen the causal inferences between the variables studied.
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Effects of Different Intensities of Flexibility Training on Explosive Force

76%
Galdino L., Nogueira C., e Silva Galdino E., de Lima J., de Souza Vale R., Dantas E.
Human Movement
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2010
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vol. 11
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issue 2
162-166
EN
Purpose. To verify whether there are changes in the performance levels of the explosive force when the same muscle group previously underwent different intensities of flexibility training (stretch & flex). Basic procedures. The tests were performed with 25 females on three consecutive days and were preceded by a 10-minute warm-up period. First, each participant performed a maximum vertical jump on a contact platform. The jump was repeated after 10 minutes, and the first day was considered the control (C). On the second day, a routine of stretching exercises (S) was included, and on the third day, the same routine, but intensified with a maximum static stretching exercises (flexibilizing - F), was used. Main findings. The height reached in the control jump decreased by 0.17%, showing no influence on the performance when the jump happened on the same day, with a time-interval of only 10 minutes (p = 0.903). On the day of the stretching routine, there was a reduction of 3.6% (p = 0.001), and on the third day with flexibilizing, there was a 6.8% reduction (p = 0.001). A comparison of the groups showed no significant differences between them. Conclusions. The jumps after the two stretching routines were significantly lower. Submaximal or maximal (flexibilizing) stretching exercises reduced the explosive force of vertical jumps, although the differences between the training intensities were not significant.
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Effects of two modes of exercise training on physical fitness of 10 year-old children

76%
dos Santos Chaves Ribeiro L., de Nazaré Dias Portal M., da Silva J., Saraiva A., da Cruz Monte G., Dantas E.
Biomedical Human Kinetics
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2010
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vol. 2
38-41
EN
Study aim: To compare two exercise training modes on the physical fitness of 10 year-old children. Material and methods: A sample of 60 schoolboys aged 10 years were randomly divided into 3 groups: Traditional (TG), trained according to the Brazilian national curricular parameters, Maturational (MG), in which the degree of difficulty of the activities was adjusted to the level of maturity of subjects, and Control group (CG). The Greulich-Pyle protocol was used to assess biological maturity. The following fitness tests were applied: 5x10 m shuttle run (SHR), Burpee's test (BCT), goniometric (LABIFIE) measurement of shoulder joint flexibility (SAA), horizontal shoulder flexion (HSF), shoulder joint abduction (SJA), lumbar spine flexion (LSF), hip joint extension (HJE) [10], Sargent's Jump Test (SJT), endurance shuttle run (ESR) and 50-m run. The TG and MG groups trained 16 weeks, twice weekly.Results: The only significant (p<0.05) between-group differences were found for SJA (TG>MG) and LSF (TG>CG).Conclusions: Despite the lack of clear-cut results, biological maturation combined with chronological age should be considered when applying various methodological approaches in order to encourage the engagement in physical exercises as this would have favourable carry-over effects.
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Muscle contraction of the pelvic floor and quality of life of women with stress urinary incontinence who underwent kinesitherapy

76%
Beuttenmüller L., Cader S., Macena R., Araujo N., Nunes É., Dantas E.
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2010
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vol. 18
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issue 1
35-41
EN
Introduction: the World Health Organization recommends physical therapy in patients with mild to moderate Urinary Incontinence (UI) as the first line of treatment. Aim: Evaluate the effect of electrical stimulation on muscle contraction of the pelvic floor and quality of life of women with stress UI (SUI). Methods: experimental study with 75 female patients randomly divided into: G1: electrical stimulation therapy with kinesitherapy; G2: kinesitherapy; G3: control group. Parameters evaluated: anthropometric measurements, physical examination of the pelvic floor (AP), pelvic floor muscles (AFA) and the degree of contraction of the AP (CAP) by the activity of the muscles [Type I (TI) and Type II (TII)] and Quality of life (QOL). Intervention consisted of 12 sessions, two sessions per week for six weeks. Descriptive statistics were used and the Student's t test or Wilcoxon paired test for the intra-group analysis. For the inter-group analyses, we used the Kruskal Wallis followed by the Mann-Whitney (AFA and QOL) and two-way ANOVA followed by Scheffe post hoc test (CAP). The p< 0.05 was adopted for statistical significance. Results: there was a significant difference in: AFA TI and AFA TII (G1 x G3 and G2 x G3); CAP TI (G2 x G3). There was a significant reduction in all domains of QOL in G1 and G2 except for DOM 6 in G2. The G3 group did not display any significant results. Conclusions: both physical therapy treatments (G1 and G2) were effective in the improvement in pelvic floor muscular functioning and in quality of life.
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The Effects of Muscle Actions Upon Strength Gains

76%
De Carvalho Nogueira A., De Souza Vale R., Colado J., Tella V., Garcia-Massó X., Dantas E.
Human Movement
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2011
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vol. 12
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issue 4
331-336
EN
Purpose. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of concentric with eccentric muscle actions on strength gains. Methods. Forty-two untrained men were randomly divided into three groups: the concentric experimental (CE), the eccentric experimental (EE) and a control (C). The CE group performed only concentric muscle actions at 80% of one repetition maximum (1 RM) and the EE group performed only eccentric muscle actions at 120% of 1 RM. Both groups trained by performing three sets of 10-12 repetitions for eight weeks of biceps curl (BC) and bench press (BP) exercises. The C group did not engage in any type of training. Results. Analyses performed within the CE group found that there were significant improvements in muscle strength in the eighth week of BP (Δ % = 26.9%, p = 0.01) and in the fourth and eighth week of BC (Δ % = 22.1%, p = 0.00 and Δ% = 32.1%, p = 0.00, respectively). Analyses of the EE group found that there were significant improvements in muscle strength in the fourth and eighth week of BP (Δ% = 13.7%, p = 0.00 and Δ% = 28.4%, p = 0.00, respectively). Between the two groups (CE versus EE), comparisons showed that the CE group performed significantly better than the EE group in the fourth and eighth week of BC (p = 0.00 and p = 0.00, respectively). Conclusions. These findings indicate that those who do not train should perform concentric muscle actions in the first 8 weeks of training in order to generate accelerated strength improvement.
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Effects of two kinds of aerobic training on body fat content and serum lipid profile in cadets

64%
de Souza e Silva M., de Souza Rabelo A., Vale R., Ferrão M., Gonçalves L., de Sá Rego Fortes M., Moreira S., Dantas E.
Biomedical Human Kinetics
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2009
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vol. 1
72-75
EN
Study aim: To assess the effects of aerobic training on body fat content and serum lipid profile.Material and methods: A group of 45 male members of Brazilian Military Police Academy, aged 18 - 32 years, were subjected randomly assigned into 3 subgroups and to 12-week programmes: aerobic fatmax zone training (FG; n = 18), traditional military training (TM; n = 15) and non-training control group (C; n = 12). Body fat content (3 skinfolds), serum lipid profile (total cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglycerides), waist circumference (WC) and O2max (12-min test) were determined.Results: O2max significantly (p<0.05) increased and body fat content decreased in both experimental group compared with the control one. Significant (p<0.05) reductions in WC and LDL vs. control group were observed in the TM group only.Conclusions: The applied aerobic training induced a decrease in percent body fat irrespectively of the kind of training.
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