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1

Prion octapeptide-repeat polymorphism in Polish Black-and-White cattle

100%
Walawski K., Czarnik U.
Journal of Applied Genetics
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2003
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vol. 44
|
issue 2
191-195
EN
The study was carried out in a Polish Black-and-White cattle population, represented by 167 AI sires, 200 young tested bulls, 190 bull-dams, and 606 randomly chosen cows from commercial herds. The fragment of the bovine prion protein gene (PRNP) coding the octapeptide-repeat sequence, was identified by PCR analysis. Two different gene variants of 349 bp and 373 bp in size, produced three genotypes: PRNP 6/6, PRNP 6/5 and PRNP 5/5, respectively. Allele frequency in all examined populations, on average 0.894 for PRNP 6 and 0.106 for PRNP 5, shows a significant difference between the group of cows from commercial herds, characterised by high frequency of PRNP 5 (q = 0.137) in comparison to AI sires (q = 0.077), young tested bulls (q = 0.052) and bull-dams (q = 0.084). Moreover, both analysed female groups of bull-dams and cows from commercial herds are distinguished by the presence of PRNP 5/5 homozygous animals, which were not recorded in the AI sires and young tested bulls, and had never been recognised in earlier examined Holstein-Friesian populations. Analysis of the genetic equilibrium indicates a very high conformity between observed and expected number of animals in the separate PRNP genotype groups. However, some tendency of difference is observed in highly selected cows, qualified as bull-dams on the basis of very high level of milk performance traits.
2

Detection of bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency (BLAD) carriers using a new PCR test

100%
Kaminski S., Czarnik U.
|
|
vol. 38
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issue 1
51-55
EN
In this report we demonstrate a simple, effective and reliable diagnostic test of BLAD carrier detection based on specific PCR amplification of a 367 bp CD18 gene fragment and RFLP analysis using Taq I restriction enzyme. In a non random population of 220 animals we found 48 BLAD carriers. Within the amplified PCR fragment an unknown intron sequence of 159 bp was identified.
3

Leukocyte acid phosphatase and selected haematological indices in BLV infected cows

81%
Kaczmarczyk E., Czarnik U., Bojaroj B., Walawski K.
Journal of Applied Genetics
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1999
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vol. 40
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issue 2
93-101
EN
Acid phosphatase of blood leukocytes (AcP) is a lysosomal enzyme which occurs in granulocytes and lymphocytes, but is not found in monocytes. In cattle, the occurrence of AcP polymorphism appeared in the form of A and AB phenotypes controlled by two autosomal alleles. A statistically highly significant repeatability was observed for AcP activity measured in lymphocytes from cows resistant to BLV (bovine leukaemia virus) infection. The highly inherited AcP activity and monogenic nature of AcP polymorphism in cattle allowed us to find out an association between AcP polymorphism and activity of AcP as well as haematological indices. In this study, 60 cows reared in one herd were analysed. The blood samples were collected in the last month before calving and in the first week after calving. The results obtained from cows with phenotype A revealed a statistically higher activity of AcP in lymphocytes whereas a lower activity of this enzyme was recorded in granulocytes. Furthermore, statistically significant differences were also observed in leukocyte number, percentage of lymphocytes and percentage of neutrophils.
4

Abnormal segregation of prion protein octapeptide-repeat alleles in cattle

81%
Walawski K., Czarnik U., Wojciechowski R., Pareek C. S.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2003
|
vol. 44
|
issue 3
375-378
EN
The study was conducted on full-families of Black-and-White cattle obtained as 25 AI sire families and 355 cows, as well as their progenies, mostly heifers at the age of 1-3 months. The sire group was composed by the casual qualification of 10 PRNP 6/6 and 15 PRNP 6/5 individuals on the basis of accessible young progenies. The randomly selected group of cows is characterised by a very high frequency of PRNP 6/6 (74.9%), followed by lower frequency of PRNP 6/5 (24.5%) and a very low frequency of PRNP 5/5 genotype (0.6%). The progenies represent all expected genotypes, such as: PRNP 6/6 (60.5%), PRNP 6/5 (35.8%) and PRNP 5/5 (3.7%), respectively. Taking into consideration the genotypes of parents and progenies, the segregation of PRNP 6 and PRNP 5 alleles was analysed. Results of the non-informative mating variant of male PRNP 6/6 ? female PRNP 6/6 (n = 87) are affected by the PRNP 6/6 progeny genotype in all cases. Subsequently, the results of mating variants male PRNP 6/6 ? female PRNP 6/5 (n = 29) and male PRNP 6/5 female PRNP 6/6 (n = 179) showed statistically non-significant differences in both above-mentioned alternations. The progeny group related from male PRNP 6/5 ? female PRNP 6/5 parental mating obtained fully informative and most valuable results based on the presented research concept. In the common group of 58 calves, the genotype PRNP 6/6 is represented by 26 individuals (44.8 %), PRNP 6/5 ? by 19 individuals (32.8 %) and PRNP 5/5 ? by 13 individuals (22.4 %). Therefore, the theoretical genotype rate (25% : 50% : 25%) is drastically deformed and the differentiation between the observed and expected numbers of animals is statistically highly significant (chi2= 12.72; 2 df.). These differences are affected by two times higher PRNP 6/6 homozygous (chi2 = 9.12; 1 df.) and responsively by the low number of PRNP 6/5 heterozygous animals (chi2 = 3.45; 1 df.). Further investigations are carried out to explain the genetic determination of abnormal PRNP octa-peptide repeat allele segregation, which suggests possible lethal cis-trans linkage effects.
5

Beta-lactoglobulin and kappa-casein polymorphism in relation to production traits and technological properties of milk in the herd of Polish Black-and-White cows

81%
Walawski K., Sowinski G., Czarnik U., Zabolewicz T.
Genetica Polonica
|
1994
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vol. 35
|
issue 1-2
93-108
6

Effectiveness of a program aimed at the elimination of BLAD-carrier bulls from Polish Holstein-Friesian cattle

71%
Czarnik U., Grzybowski G., Kaminski S., Prusak B., Zabolewicz T.
Journal of Applied Genetics
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2007
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vol. 48
|
issue 4
375-377
EN
The molecular basis of BLAD is the D128G mutation of the gene coding for the CD18 subunit of beta?2 integrin. This mutation is lethal, since homozygous (BL/BL) animals die before they reach sexual maturity. In the 1990s, BLAD was the most widespread genetic disease in HF cattle worldwide. The aim of the present study was to determine the frequency of BLAD carriers among 4645 young breeding bulls in Poland in 1995?2006. The frequency of carriers of the mutated allele showed a clear decreasing trend. The highest frequency (7.9%) was recorded while implementing the BLAD control program (1995?1997). Regular monitoring has enabled a great reduction of this threat to the tested population. Today only sporadic cases of BL/TL heterozygotes are reported (ca. 0.8% in 2004?2006).
7

DGAT1 K232A quantitative trait nucleotide polymorphism in Polish Black-and-White cattle

71%
Pareek C. S., Czarnik U., Zabolewicz T., Pareek R. S., Walawski K.
Journal of Applied Genetics
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2005
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vol. 46
|
issue 1
85-87
EN
The diacylglycerol o-acyltransferase 1 gene (DGAT1) was investigated in Polish Black-and-White cattle. The frequency of the K allele was 0.60, 0.68 and 0.48 for AI sires (n = 150), young bulls (n = 139) and cows (n = 213), respectively. The method of selective genotyping for identification of the quantitative trait nucleotide was verified through identification of DGAT1 effect on milk production traits. Daughters of six heterozygous bulls were selectively genotyped based on their milk traits. The genotypic frequencies differed between high and low yield groups representing milk and fat contents. The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed a highly significant effect of DGAT1 K232A in cows with extremely low fat content and a significant effect in cows with extremely high protein content of milk. No significant effect of AI sires' genotypes on their breeding value was found.
8

Silent point mutation polymorphism of the bovine CD18 encoding gene

71%
Czarnik U., Zabolewicz T., Galinski M., Pareek C. S., Walawski K.
Journal of Applied Genetics
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2004
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vol. 45
|
issue 1
73-76
EN
We report on a PCR-RFLP procedure for recognising of a silent point mutation of ITGB2 CD18 subunit gene in cattle. Polymorphism screening was performed in a Polish Black-and-White cattle population (n=210). The genotype and allele frequecies were established in the sires and cows. Further research is needed to explain the possible applications of the CD18 silent point mutation as a potential molecular marker for high milk productivity.
9

Deletion/insertion polymorphism of the prion protein gene (PRNP) in Polish Holstein-Friesian cattle

62%
Czarnik U., Zabolewicz T., Strychalski J., Grzybowski G., Bogusz M., Walawski K.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2007
|
vol. 48
|
issue 1
69-71
EN
The aim of the present study was to identify the deletion/insertion polymorphism of the bovine prion protein gene (PRNP) within the promoter sequence (23 bp), intron 1 (12 bp) and 3' untranslated region (14 bp). DNA was isolated from blood of 234 randomly tested Polish Holstein-Friesian cows and from semen of 47 sires used for artificial insemination (AI) in 2004. No statistically significant differences were found in the frequency of genotypes and alleles between cows and breeding bulls in the 3 analysed polymorphic sites within the PRNP gene. Only 3 haplotypes were identified in sires and 4 haplotypes in cows.
10

Deletion/insertion polymorphism of the prion protein gene (PRNP) in Polish Holstein-Friesian cattle

62%
Czarnik U., Zabolewicz T., Strychalski J., Grzybowski G., Bogusz M., Walawski K.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2007
|
vol. 48
|
issue 3
69-71
EN
The aim of the present study was to identify the deletion/insertion polymorphism of the bovine prion protein gene (PRNP) within the promoter sequence (23 bp), intron 1 (12 bp) and 3' untranslated region (14 bp). DNA was isolated from blood of 234 randomly tested Polish Holstein-Friesian cows and from semen of 47 sires used for artificial insemination (AI) in 2004. No statistically significant differences were found in the frequency of genotypes and alleles between cows and breeding bulls in the 3 analysed polymorphic sites within the PRNP gene. Only 3 haplotypes were identified in sires and 4 haplotypes in cows.
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