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Evidence for an immunoregulatory role of OX2 with its counter ligand (OX2L) in the regulation of transplant rejection, fetal loss, autoimmunity and tumor growth

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Gorczynski R. M.

Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis

2001

vol. 49

issue 4

303-310

Transplantation has emerged as an effective treatment for patients with end-stage organ failure. Current regimens of non-specific immunosuppressive drug treatment, which are needed life-long to prevent graft rejection, have numerous adverse side effects and increase the risk of opportunistic infections and malignancy. A major goal is to develop immunotherapeutic protocols that achieve specific tolerance. Such protocols would decrease and eventually eliminate the reliance on non-specific drug therapy. We showed that portal vein (pv) delivery of donor antigen prolongs the survival of vascularized and non-vascularized allo- and xeno-grafts, and that increased graft survival is associated with altered cytokine production and augmented expression of the molecule OX2. This review documents further evidence for a more general immunoregulatory role for the interactions of OX2 and its ligand, OX2L.

Modulation of auxiliary signals to T cells as a mechanism to induce transplant tolerance

100%

Gorczynski R. M.

Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis

2005

vol. 53

issue 2

91-101

Advances in the treatment of transplant rejection, autoimmune disease, allergy, and other conditions of altered immunoregulation have come from our improved knowledge of the multi-faceted nature of lymphocyte activation, incorporating not merely antigen triggering of specific receptors, but a myriad of other accessory signals, all operating within a defined environmental (cytokine) milieu. The review below focuses on just one aspect of this, the ability to manipulate costimulatory signals, or regulatory signals, as a means to induce long-standing immune suppression. Emphasis is placed on the dominant suppression mediated following activation of any one of a number of regulatory signals as a potentially more rational approach to clinical therapy, as the redundancy in costimulatory signals suggests that blockade of any one of these may be unlikely to produce permanent unresponsiveness. The role of regulatory T cells, induced following antigen presentation in the presence of immunoregulatory signals, is also discussed.

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2 Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis

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2 Gorczynski R. M.

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Evidence for an immunoregulatory role of OX2 with its counter ligand (OX2L) in the regulation of transplant rejection, fetal loss, autoimmunity and tumor growth

Modulation of auxiliary signals to T cells as a mechanism to induce transplant tolerance