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The Importance of Parents' Education in the Morphofunctional Development of Adolescent Boys from the Lublin Region

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Popławska H., Dmitruk A., Hołub W.

Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism

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2011

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vol. 18

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issue 1

59-63

EN

Introduction. Given the unfavorable economic conditions prevailing in Poland at the turn of the century (system transformation), it seemed advisable to investigate whether parents' education, generally associated positively with the economic situation of the family, still plays an important role in somatic and motor development of their children. Material and methods. The study involved 715 boys, aged 10, 14 and 18, born in the years 1988-1996 and coming from one of the least economically developed region of the country (Lubelskie Vivodeship). Because of parents' education, respondents were divided into two groups: born in families with higher (A) and lower (B) education. Somatic development was assessed based on measurements of height, weight and BMI, and physical fitness on the basis of Eurofit test. Arithmetic means of the somatic and fitness features was normalized according to the arithmetic means and SD of the whole material. Results. Group A was characterized by higher values of the somatic parameters and lower values of motor parameters as compared to group B. Standardization of the results showed that the larger deviation from the average value for the whole material in most somatic and certain fitness features occurred in group B. Conclusions. Despite the unfavorable economic conditions, in which surveyed boys were born and grew up, there was a positive relationship between education of parents and somatic development. This dependency was not observed in the case study of the impact of education of parents on the physical fitness of boys.

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Sposób odżywiania się dziewcząt w wieku 16–18 lat w zależności od wskaźnika masy ciała i wskaźnika dystrybucji tkanki tłuszczowej

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Dmitruk A., Kunicka I., Popławska H., Hołub W.

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vol. 14

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issue 1

78-87

EN

Aim: The study has been aimed at evaluating dietary patterns of girls aged 16–18 years old in groups identified according to measures such as their body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio. Material and methods: The study covered a total of 151 girls aged 16–18 years old from selected higher secondary schools in Biała Podlaska, Poland. Based on height, weight, waist and hip circumference measurements, body mass index was calculated for each of the participants of the study, allowing to identify two groups: group 1 with normal index and group 2 with overweight or obesity. Also, to determine the type of obesity in the overweight and obese respondents, their waist-to-hip ratio was calculated, identifying the subgroup of girls with abdominal obesity. The respondents’ dietary patterns were identified with the use of a diagnostic survey. The statistical significance of the differences between the participants with normal body mass index and the overweight and obese respondents (including those with abdominal obesity) was tested with the chi-square test. Results: Numerous nutritional mistakes/unhealthy dietary patterns were identified in the studied group, largely involving the overweight and obese girls, including those with abdominal obesity. The respondents whose body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio were too high ate fewer meals per day, skipped breakfast more frequently, had their last meal of the day later than 8 p.m., reported less frequent fish and wholemeal bread intake, as opposed to more frequent fast food, sweets and sweetened beverages intake. Conclusion: The unhealthy dietary patterns found in the population of girls with high body mass index and abdominal obesity highlight the need for education in the scope of healthy nutrition aimed both at overweight/obese individuals and their families.

PL

Cel pracy: Celem niniejszej pracy była ocena sposobu odżywiania się dziewcząt w wieku 16–18 lat w grupach wydzielonych w zależności od wartości wybranych miar otłuszczenia – wskaźnika masy ciała i wskaźnika dystrybucji tkanki tłuszczowej. Materiał i metody: Badaniami objęto 151 dziewcząt w wieku 16–18 lat z wybranych szkół ponadgimnazjalnych z Białej Podlaskiej. Na podstawie pomiarów wysokości ciała, masy ciała, obwodu talii i obwodu bioder u każdej badanej osoby obliczono wskaźnik masy ciała, który umożliwił wydzielenie dwóch grup: o prawidłowych wartościach tego wskaźnika oraz z nadwagą i otyłością. W celu określenia typu otyłości wśród otyłych dziewcząt obliczono wskaźnik dystrybucji tkanki tłuszczowej, co umożliwiło wyodrębnienie grupy dziewcząt z otyłością brzuszną. Sposób odżywiania się dziewcząt określono metodą sondażu diagnostycznego. Istotność statystyczną uzyskanych różnic pomiędzy dziewczętami o prawidłowych wartościach wskaźnika masy ciała a osobami z nadwagą i otyłością, w tym z otyłością brzuszną, obliczono przy użyciu testu χ2 . Wyniki: Wśród badanych dziewcząt stwierdzono liczne błędy żywieniowe, które dotyczyły w większym stopniu dziewcząt z nadmierną masą ciała i otyłością brzuszną. Badane cechujące się nieprawidłowymi wartościami obu analizowanych wskaźników spożywały mniej posiłków w ciągu dnia, częściej opuszczały pierwsze śniadanie, jadły po godzinie 20.00, rzadziej spożywały ryby i pieczywo razowe, a częściej dania typu fast food i słodycze oraz częściej piły napoje słodzone. Wniosek: Wykazane błędy żywieniowe wśród dziewcząt o wysokim wskaźniku masy ciała i otyłości brzusznej mogą być wskazaniem do podjęcia w tej grupie działań edukacyjnych w zakresie prawidłowego żywienia, obejmujących zarówno osoby z nadmiarem masy ciała, jak i ich rodziny.

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The Participation of Girls and Boys from Ages 10 to 18 in Structured Sports and Extra-Curricular Activities in the Aspect of Social and Economic Conditions

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Dmitruk A., Popławska H., GÓrniak K., Hołub W.

Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism

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2015

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vol. 21

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issue 4

240-246

EN

Introduction. The importance of socio-economic factors in differentiating the physical activities of children and teenagers keeps changing. That is why the goal of this research was to identify certain social variables amongst those listed most often which differentiate the level of targeted physical activity of urban children and youths from the Bialskie district. Material and methods. The research was conducted on 1.084 students between the ages of 10 and 18. Three age groups were chosen: 10 to 12, 13 to 15, and 16 to 18. Information about the attendance of respondents in Physical Education classes and structured extra-curricular sport activities, as well as preferred forms of physical activities were collected via a diagnostic survey. The same method was used in the assessment of the socio-economic status of the families of the respondents. The relations between attendance in extra-curricular sports activities and socio-economic factors was assessed by a multifactoral logistic regression model, and the statistical relevance of the differences was calculated by the Wald test. Results. Attendance in structured extra-curricular physical activity depended mostly on income per family member. In the case of type of work performed by parents, the attendance rate in both boys and girls was higher if the parents performed intellectual work. Parents' education and number of children in the family did not have a high influence on the attendance of respondents in structured extra-curricular sport activities. Conclusions. Increasing disproportions in societal prosperity can be an important factor limiting the attendance of the poorest group of children and youths in structured physical activities. The lack of influence on physical activity of such socio-economic variables as parents' education and the number of children in the family can be connected with the change of meaning of those factors in modern society (depreciation of the importance of higher education, decreased fertility).

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The Importance of Parents' Education in the Morphofunctional Development of Adolescent Boys from the Lublin Region

Sposób odżywiania się dziewcząt w wieku 16–18 lat w zależności od wskaźnika masy ciała i wskaźnika dystrybucji tkanki tłuszczowej

The Participation of Girls and Boys from Ages 10 to 18 in Structured Sports and Extra-Curricular Activities in the Aspect of Social and Economic Conditions