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Free-living Amoebae in Carbonate Precipitating Microhabitats of Karst Caves and a New Vahlkampfiid Amoeba, Allovahlkampfia spelaea gen. nov., sp. nov.

100%
Walochnik J., MULEC J.
Acta Protozoologica
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2009
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vol. 48
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issue 1
PL
This is the first report on the diversity of small free-living amoebae (FLA) in carbonate precipitating habitats in karst caves. Of 11 samples from nine different habitats in four Slovenian karst caves ten samples were positive for FLA, four strains were successfully isolated and transferred to clonal monoxenic cultures, including Acanthamoeba castellanii genotype T4, Echinamoeba silvestris, Hartmannella vermiformis, and a new vahlkampfiid amoeba Allovahlkampfia spelaea gen. nov., sp. nov. The latter was isolated from a stromatolitic stalagmite, a typical biogenic speleothem. Echinamoeba silvestris was identified from an aerophytic algal community and Acanthamoeba and Hartmannella were isolated from a cave pool with floating calcite rafts. The grazing of FLA on bacteria may help in creating conditions that enhance carbonate precipitation.
2
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Electron Microscopical Investigations of a New Species of the Genus Sappinia (Thecamoebidae, Amoebozoa), Sappinia platani sp. nov., Reveal a Dictyosome in this Genus

71%
WYLEZICH C., Kudryavtsev A., Michel R., Corsaro D., Walochnik J.
Acta Protozoologica
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2015
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vol. 54
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issue 1
PL
The genus Sappinia belongs to the family Thecamoebidae within the Discosea (Amoebozoa). For long time the genus comprised only two species, S. pedata and S. diploidea, based on morphological investigations. However, recent molecular studies on gene sequences of the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene revealed a high genetic diversity within the genus Sappinia. This indicated a larger species richness than previously assumed and the establishment of new species was predicted. Here, Sappinia platani sp. nov. (strain PL-247) is described and ultrastructurally investigated. This strain was isolated from the bark of a sycamore tree (Koblenz, Germany) like the re-described neotype of S. diploidea. The new species shows the typical characteristics of the genus such as flattened and binucleate trophozoites with a differentiation of anterior hyaloplasm and without discrete pseudopodia as well as bicellular cysts. Additionally, the new species possesses numerous endocytobionts and dictyosomes. The latter could not be found in previous EM studies of the genus Sappinia. Standing forms, a character of the species S. pedata, could be formed on older cultures of the new species but appeared extremely seldom. A loose layer of irregular, bent hair-like structures cover the plasma membrane dissimilar to the glycocalyx types as formerly detected in other Sappinia strains.
3
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Molecular Identification of a Phage-infected Protochlamydia Strain Naturally Harboured by Non-Encysting Naegleria

71%
Corsaro D., Walochnik J., Venditti D., Müller K.-D., Michel R.
Acta Protozoologica
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2013
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vol. 52
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issue 4
PL
A thermophilic strain of Naegleria clarki, isolated from a pond, has previously been investigated for its peculiarity to host a cytoplasmic symbiont, which causes a loss of the ability to form cysts. This endosymbiont, called Pcb, was itself infected by a phage, and exhibited chlamydia-like features resembling to another symbiont of Naegleria previously described as Protochlamydia naegleriophila. We report in this study, the results of amoeba host range and 16S rDNA molecular phylogeny of this strain, showing that Pcb is a new strain of the Naegleria endosymbiont chlamydial species Protochlamydia naegleriophila (Chlamydiae: Parachlamydiaceae).
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