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1
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Rola wolnych rodników w regulacji procesów fizjologicznych.

100%
Gdula- Argasińska J., Tyszka- Czochara M., Paśko P., Opoka W.
Medicina Internacia Revuo
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2012
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vol. 25
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issue 99
41-46
EN
Free radicals containing one or more unpaired electrons have considerable reactivity. Those radicals derived from oxygen represent the most important class of such species. Free radicals generated in organism are reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) well recognised for playing a dual role as both deleterious and beneficial species. The cumulative production of ROS/RNS is termed oxidative stress and were discovered in pathomechanism of many of diseases. It was observed that in medium concentration ROS and RNS are play a role in inflammation, apoptosis and as secondary messengers in intracellular signalling cascades.
2
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EVALUATION OF NUTRITIONAL AND MEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF BACOPA MONNIERI BIOMASS AND PREPARATIONS

88%
Muszyńska B., krakowska A., Lazur J., Szewczyk A., Opoka W.
Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research
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2018
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vol. 75
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issue 6
1353-1361
EN
Bacopa monnieri (Scrophulariaceae) is a well-known plant and has been used by humans for several thousand years. In traditional Hindu medicine, it is one of the most important medicinal plants. The aim of the work was to determine the content of Fe, Mg, and Zn and selected organic compounds before and after extraction into the artificial digestive juices obtained from preparations containing B. monnieri. Commercial preparations in the form of tablets and capsules and B. monnieri shoot cultures were used in the experiment. The metal content in the considered mineralized samples was analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry and organic compounds by RP-HPLC method. The maximum measured content of the metals released into the digestive juices was as follows: Fe – 32.85; Mg – 367.51; and Zn – 16.41 mg/100 g of the preparation. The existing research shows that metals are best released into the artificial digestive juices from the B. monnieri shoot cultures, and least efficiently from the commercial preparations available in the form of tablets. The phenolic compounds analyzed in the methanol extracts and the extracts of the artificial digestive juices were as follows: protocatechuic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, cynaroside, trifolin, and luteolin. Bacoside A was only determined in the extracts from the B. monnieri shoot cultures. The experimental results revealed that B. monnieri distributed in the form of tablets did not break down in the artificial digestive juices during the considered time intervals.
3
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QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF FIXED-DOSE-COMBINATION PRODUCTS (FDC, POLYPILL) APPLIED IN POLYTHERAPY OF HYPERTENSIVE DISEASE. REVIEW

88%
Stolarczyk M., Apola A., Maślanka A., Kwiecień A., Opoka W.
Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research
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2018
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vol. 75
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issue 5
1083-1094
EN
Problems in polytherapy of hypertension combined with hyperlipidemia and the need of application of several pharmaceutical preparations have been widely explored by patients, physicians, and the pharmaceutical industry through testing and introduction of a fixed-dose-combination products (FDC). The paper presents different analytical methods of qualitative and quantitative analysis or stability testing of FDC preparations and laboratory prepared mixtures of composition consistent with the FDC products collected on the basis of publications from the last decade. It can significantly facilitate the study of the methods and conditions for the determination of active substances in polypills which contain at least three APIs, especially in cases involving this type of preparations used or tested for their application in polytherapy of hypertension.
4
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SOME NON-OPERATIVE WAYS OF CERVICAL SPINE TREATMENT

76%
Piechowicz J., Tęsiorowski M., Jasiewicz B., Sobol J., Piechowicz M., Opoka W.
Medicina Internacia Revuo
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2013
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vol. 25
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issue 100
119-123
EN
Though cervical spine disorders occur less frequently than lumbar spine problems, their course and final results may have severe implications for patients. Despite significant development in operative treatment of cervical spine; patients, if possible, choose conservative methods basing mainly on pharmacotherapy and rehabilitation (physiotherapy). A case report of non-operative treatment with use of selected techniques of manual therapy and physiotherapy is described. Achieved improvement allowed postponing the surgery, but we cannot exclude the necessity of operation in the future.
5
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Metal responsive transcription factor 1 (MTF-1) regulates zinc dependent cellular processes at the molecular level

76%
Grzywacz A., Gdula-Argasińska J., Muszyńska B., Tyszka-Czochara M., Librowski T., Opoka W.
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2015
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vol. 62
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issue 3
491-498
EN
Metal responsive transcription factor 1 (MTF-1) is a zinc dependent transcription factor which is involved in the regulation of intracellular signaling pathways. MTF-1 regulates the expression of two streams of genes functioning in metal homeostasis and anti-oxidative response. MTF-1 acts in the process of binding of toxic metal ions in the cell, due to the activation of the expression of metallothioneins (MTs). Additionally, MTF-1 regulates transcription of genes involved in the sequestration of zinc and its intracellular transport. Disruption of zinc and MT homeostasis has an indispensable influence on the development of several pathological states. Moreover, by increasing MT activity, MTF-1 can effectively protect cells from oxidative and hypoxic stresses. The mechanism of MTF-1 action in cells includes the regulation of the proper immune response through activation/repression of anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines. MTF-1 function in immune response is related to nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity. Synthesis of insulin is also related to the activity of this transcription factor and zinc balance. Insulin transport also depends on zinc. In pancreatic β-cells, several types of the zinc transporters are found. Zinc transporters coordinated action is crucial for the synthesis and secretion of insulin. Disturbances in the regulation of signaling pathways connected with MTF-1 function can entail further alterations in zinc intracellular status and this growing imbalance can promote the pathophysiology of degenerative disorders.
6
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Determination of in vitro metabolism of new non-imidazole histamine H3 receptor antagonist 1-[3-(4-tert-butylphenoxy)propyl]piperidine

76%
Kryczyk-Poprawa A., Szafarz M., Palak A. P., Łażewska D., Kuś K., Opoka W., Szymura-Oleksiak J.
Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research
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2019
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vol. 76
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issue 5
877-884
EN
Early understanding of the pharmacokinetics of drug candidates is essential during the evaluation of drug development process. DL76 1-[3-(4-tert-butylphenoxy)propyl]piperidine is a novel promising non-imidazole H3 receptor antagonist. Presented study was undertaken to compare with each other the predicted hepatic clearance values of DL76 calculated, using two most common mathematical models “well-stirred” and “parallel tube”, based on the data obtained in in vitro experiments. The metabolic intrinsic clearance of DL76 equaled to 0.4848 mL/min/mg protein was scaled up and the values of hepatic clearance estimated from "well-stirred" and "parallel tube" models were 55.47 mL/min/kg and 58.80 mL/min/kg, respectively. They were further compared with pharmacokinetic parameters calculated based on the concentration-time profile obtained following intravenous administration of DL76 to rats at the dose of 6 mg/kg. The estimated systemic serum clearance value of 144.5 mL/h/kg and blood clearance value of 81.17 mL/min/kg indicate the potential extrahepatic metabolism of the investigated compound. This study demonstrates the utility of rat liver microsomes for the prediction of DL76 hepatic clearance.
7
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The importance of screening in the evaluation Of faulty posture in children

76%
Kuciel-Lewandowska J., Paprocka-Borowicz M., Kierzek A., Pozowski A., Boerner E., Ratajczak B., Opoka W.
Medicina Internacia Revuo
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2012
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vol. 25
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issue 98
21-26
EN
The aim of the following work is to evaluate faulty posture rate among kindergarten children. The following article describes the objective and the character of the promotional and prophylactic program conducted by the Wrocław City Council (Urząd Miasta Wrocławia) concerning the “Keep straight” (“Trzymaj się prosto”) campaign. The program includes youth between age of seven and seventeen in whom slight symptoms of faulty posture, concerning lower limbs and the spine, were revealed during examination. The only prophylactic activity assumed by the “Keep it straight” campaign are corrective exercises in gymnasium and swimming pool. The screening of the children and youth also allows introductional diagnostics and recognition of permanent faults and direction of the patients to specialist treatment in orthopedic and rehabilitation clinics. The screening was conducted on the verge of October and November 2007. A physical posture examination method was used to evaluate the faults that appeared. The children from five of Wrocław`s kindergartens were examined. The following work presents the symptomatology of the most frequent faults and highlights the necessity of conducting prophylactic activity at a very young age. The faulty posture is a serious diagnostic and therapeutic problem among young children and can be a source of severe health problems in their future. 373 children were examined. Faulty posture was revealed among 295 what represents 79,08% of the patients; 78 were described as healthy (20,92%). There were 160 boys (80,8%) and 135 girls (77,14%) in the group with faulty posture. There were 38 (19,2%) boys without faulty posture and 40 (22,86%) girls in the same group.
8
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RELEASE OF BIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES FROM FORMULATIONS CONTAINING ARTHROSPIRA PLATENSIS (SPIRULINA PLATENSIS)

64%
Muszyńska B., Lazur J., Jękot B., Krakowska A., Szewczyk A., Sułkowska-Ziaja K., Zimmer Ł., Poleszak E., Opoka W.
Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research
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2018
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vol. 75
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issue 5
1187-1199
EN
Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina platensis) is a well-known microalga and has been utilized as a medicinal agent and foodstuff by humans since at least 16th century. The aim of this study was to determine zinc content as well as determine phenolic and indole compounds from commercial preparations containing Arthrospira platensis (lyophilizate, tablets, and capsules) before and after extraction with methanol and incubation with artificial digestive juices. The secondary aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of these preparations. The samples were incubated in artificial stomach juice and in intestinal juice. The samples were mineralized and their zinc(II) ions content was estimated using flame absorption atomic spectroscopy (F-AAS). The maximum zinc(II) ions content released into the digestive juices was found to be up to 1.6 mg 100 g-1 of the preparation. Phenolic compounds identified in the examined extracts are as follows: gallic acid; protocatechuic acid; 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid; p-hydroxybenzoic acid; syringe acid; cinnamic acid; and quercetin. Furthermore, indole compounds identified were 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan, 5-methyl-L-tryptophan, L-tryptophan, tryptamine, and 5-methyltryptamine. Consequently, it was also found that the distributed Arthrospira platensis in the form of tablets does not disintegrate in the artificial digestive juices. Among the examined preparations, only hard capsules met the requirements of the European Pharmacopeia 8th ed.
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