Full-text resources of PSJD and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl
Preferences help
enabled [disable] Abstract
Number of results

Results found: 15

Number of results on page
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
Kosmos
|
2004
|
vol. 53
|
issue 3-4
243-249
EN
Summary The Nobel Prize in Chemistry for 2003 was awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in equal parts to two American scientists: Peter Agre from Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Baltimore, for the discovery of the water channels, aquaporins, and Roderick MacKinnon from Howard Hughes Medical Institute, the Rockefeller University in New York, for structural and mechanistic studies of the ion channels, especially the potassium and chloride channels. The major breakthrough made by the two scientists in our understanding of water and ion transport processes through biological membranes are briefly described in this editorial note, and the list of their recent selected publications is provided.
Kosmos
|
2004
|
vol. 53
|
issue 2
123-131
EN
Summary Ribozymes are catalytic RNA molecules. In this article their various types and activities in contrasts with corresponding DNA molecules are briefly characterized. The revolutionary discovery of the autocatalytic properties of nucleic acids by theNobel Prizewinners, Sidney Altman, Thomas R. CECH and their co-workers, led to the hypothesis of RNA world and to speculation on the role of RNA in the origin of life and the early stages of its evolution on Earth. The possible role of the autocatalytic properties of nucleic acids in prebiotic evolution is, therefore, discussed.
|
2000
|
vol. 47
|
issue 3
725-733
EN
Numerous results on membrane lipid composition from different regions of autopsied Alzheimer's disease brains in comparison with corresponding fractions isolated from control brains revealed significant differences in serine- and ethanolamine-containing glycerophospholipid as well as in glycosphingolipid content. Changes in membrane lipid composition are frequently accompanied by alterations in membrane fluidity, hydrophobic mismatch, lipid signaling pathways, transient formation and disappearance of lipid microdomains, changes in membrane permeability to cations and variations of other membrane properties. In this review we focus on possible implications of altered membrane composition on β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) and on proteolysis of APP leading eventually to the formation of neurotoxic β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides, the major proteinaceous component of extracellular senile plaques, directly involved in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis.
EN
Annexin VI (AnxVI) of molecular mass 68-70 kDa belongs to a multigenic family of ubiquitous Ca2+ - and phospholipid-binding proteins. In this report, we describe the GTP-binding properties of porcine liver AnxVI, determined with a fluorescent GTP analogue, 2'-(or 3')-O-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)guanosine 5'-triphosphate (TNP-GTP). The optimal binding of TNP-GTP to AnxVI was observed in the presence of Ca2+ and asolectin liposomes, as evidenced by a 5.5-fold increase of TNP-GTP fluorescence and a concomitant blue shift (by 17 nm) of its maximal emission wavelength. Titration of AnxVI with TNP-GTP resulted in the determination of the dissociation constant (Kd) and binding stoichiometry that amounted to 1.3 μM and 1:1 TNP-GTP/AnxVI, mole/mole, respectively. In addition, the intrinsic fluorescence of the membrane-bound form of AnxVI was quenched by TNP-GTP and this was accompanied by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) from AnxVI Trp residues to TNP-GTP. This indicates that the GTP-binding site within the AnxVI molecule is probably located in the vicinity of a Trp-containing domain of the protein. By controlled proteolysis of human recombinant AnxVI, followed by purification of the proteolytic fragments by affinity chromatography on GTP-agarose, we isolated a 35 kDa fragment corresponding to the N-terminal half of AnxVI containing Trp192. On the basis of these results, we suggest that AnxVI is a GTP-binding protein and the binding of the nucleotide may have a regulatory impact on the interaction of annexin with membranes, e.g. formation of ion channels by the protein.
|
|
vol. 40
|
issue 3
281-293
EN
We have recently shown that RLIP76, a ral-binding GTPase activating protein, mediates ATP-dependent transport of glutathione-conjugates (GS-E) and doxorubicin (DOX) (S. Awasthi et al., Biochemistry 39, 9327, 2000). Transport function of RLIP76 was found to be intact despite considerable proteolytic fragmentation in preparations used for those studies, suggesting either that the residual intact RLIP76 was responsible for transport activity, or that the transport activity could be reconstituted by fragments of RLIP76. If the former were true, intact RLIP76 would have a much higher specific activity for ATP-hydrolysis than the fragmented protein. We have addressed this question by comparing transport properties of recombinant RLIP76 and human erythrocyte membrane RLIP76 purified in buffers treated with either 100 or 500 μM serine protease inhibitor, PMSF. The purity and identity of recombinant and human erythrocyte RLIP76 was established by SDS/PAGE and Western-blot analysis. These studies confirmed the origin of the 38 kDa protein, previously referred to as DNP-SG ATPase, from RLIP76. Higher PMSF concentration resulted in lower yield of the 38 kDa band and higher yield of intact RLIP76 from both human and recombinant source. In contrast, the substrate-stimulated ATPase activity in presence of DNP-SG, doxorubicin, daunorubicin, or colchicine were unaffected by increased PMSF; similarly, ATP-dependent transport of doxorubicin in proteoliposomes reconstituted with RLIP76 was unaffected by higher PMSF. These results indicated that limited proteolysis by serine proteases does not abrogate the transport function of RLIP76. Comparison of transport kinetics for daunorubicin between recombinant vs human erythrocyte RLIP76 revealed higher specific activity of transport for tissue purified RLIP76, indicating that additional factors present in tissue purified RLIP76 can modulate its transport activity.
15
Content available remote

ATP-sensitive K^+ channel in mitochondria

33%
|
|
vol. 40
|
issue 3
329-336
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.