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Problem rozpoznawania neuropatii słuchowej w ramach Programu Powszechnych Badań Przesiewowych Słuchu u Noworodków

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Kałos M.
Otorynolaryngologia - przegląd kliniczny
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2017
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vol. 16
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issue 2
41-46
EN
Since January 2003, the Program for Universal Hearing Screening in Newborns (PPPBSN) has been operating throughout Poland. Its aim is to detect hearing loss at an early stage in the entire population of newborn children. This program is an effective method of early detection of hearing disorders in children, as well as the initiation of treatment and rehabilitation of hearing loss, referred to as early audiological intervention. The term auditory neuropathy is defined as the syndrome of hearing organ dysfunction, characterized by the normal function of the external auditory cells, with the abnormal function of the distal auditory path. Auditory neuropathy occurs in approximately 9% of infants. The task of the first level of screening centers is to perform a hearing screening test in all live born newborns in the first or second day of life. The hearing test performed at this stage is the study of otoacoustic emission, currently the otoacoustic of non-linear distortion products is registered. Because otoacoustic emission records the activity of external auditory cells and does not assess the function of distal auditory path, there is a certain risk of „missing” children with auditory neuropathy. This regards in particular children for whom there are no other risk factors of hearing disorders.
PL
Od stycznia 2003 r. w całej Polsce działa Program Powszechnych Przesiewowych Badań Słuchu u Noworodków (PPPBSN), którego zadaniem jest bardzo wczesne wykrycie niedosłuchu w całej populacji nowonarodzonych dzieci. Program ten jest skuteczną metodą wczesnego wykrywania zaburzeń słuchu u dzieci, a także rozpoczęcia leczenia i rehabilitacji niedosłuchu, określanej terminem wczesnej interwencji audiologicznej. Terminem neuropatii słuchowej określa się zespół zaburzeń czynności narządu słuchu, charakteryzujący się prawidłową funkcją komórek słuchowych zewnętrznych, przy nieprawidłowej czynności dalszych odcinków drogi słuchowej. Neuropatia słuchowa występuje u ok. 9% niemowląt. Zadaniem ośrodków I poziomu skryningu jest przeprowadzenie badania przesiewowego słuchu u wszystkich żywo urodzonych noworodków w pierwszej lub drugiej dobie życia. Wykonywanym na tym etapie badaniem słuchu jest badanie otoemisji akustycznej; aktualnie rejestruje się otoemisję produktów zniekształceń nieliniowych ślimaka. Ponieważ otoemisja akustyczna rejestruje jedynie czynność komórek słuchowych zewnętrznych, a nie ocenia funkcji dalszych odcinków drogi słuchowej, istnieje pewne ryzyko „przeoczenia” dzieci z neuropatią słuchową. Dotyczy to zwłaszcza tych dzieci, u których nie stwierdza się innych czynników ryzyka uszkodzenia słuchu.
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Evaluation of quality of life in patients after cochlear implantation surgery in 2014-2017

39%
Czerniejewska-Wolska H., Kałos M., Gawłowska M., Sekula A., Mickiewicz P., Wiskirska-Woźnica B., Karlik M.
Polish Journal of Otolaryngology
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2019
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vol. 73
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issue 2
11-17
EN
Introduction: Profound hearing loss significantly affects the quality of life of deaf people as well as their families. Observation of the benefit from the use of cochlear implants in deaf patients allows to assess the success of treatment with this method and its impact on the quality of life of these patients. The aim of this study was to determine the quality of life in patient after the cochlear implantation in the material of Department of Phoniatrics and Audiology of the Medical University in Poznań. Material and methods: The study involved implanted patients who voluntarily joined to the project entitled "Observational study of the implanted patient (Cochlear-IROS)". It has a prospective character, it is an international and long-term study, covering the observation of patients up to three years after implantation. Standardized HUI and SSQ questionnaires were used. 70 patients were included in the analysis, the mean age at the time of the cochlear implantation was 47.6 years. In the research group there were 33 men and 37 women. In the whole group, the patients' age at implantation was at least 18 years, max. 80 years. Results: The results of the SSQ questionnaire, which deals with the self-assessment of hearing ability in everyday situations, indicate that in the subjective assessment of patients one year after surgery the speech hearing improved by 77%, spatial hearing by 84%, and the quality of hearing by 49%. The general quality of life before the first connection of the sound processor according to the HUI questionnaire, the patients rated at 0.49 (0-1 scale, where 0 - corresponds to the death condition and 1 - full health). After one year from the implantation, this rating increased to 0.56. Conclusions: The implantation of the cochlear implant significantly increases the patient's quality of life, its physical and emotional functioning. Statistically significant better self-assessment of patients mainly concerned hearing speech and spatial hearing - especially after 1 year of connecting the speech processor.
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