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1

The influence of various light spectra on the efficiency of somatic embryogenesis

100%
Menke-Milczarek I., Zebrowski J., Zimny J.
Biotechnologia
|
2001
|
issue 2
99-103
EN
The aim of presented work was to investigate the impact of various light spectra on the efficiency and intensity of wheat somatic embryogenesis. The efficiency of somatic embryogenesis was defined as a percentage of explants forming somatic embryos in reference to all cultured explants. Immature embryos at the spherical coleoptile stage were excised from seeds of a few varieties of wheat and placed onto MS medium (1962) supplemented with 30 muM Dicamba. The influence of blue, white and red light on the callus growth and induction of somatic embryogenesis was compared. Increase in proportion between the red (600-700nm) and blue (400-500nm) component of light spectrum accelerated development of somatic embryos and increased the efficiency of somatic embryogenesis.
2

Consequences of transformation of embryogenic Triticale cell

88%
Zimny J., Czaplicki A., Menke-Milczarek I., Oleszczuk S., Sowa S.
Biotechnologia
|
2000
|
issue 2
64-72
EN
Plants carrying foreign genes have been obtained for many crops including wheat, rice, maize, barley and Triticale. The most important aspect for practical breeding is the regeneration of whole plants from a specific cell possessing the desired agronomic properties. Particle bombardment provided the necessary breakthrough for the efficient transformation of cereals. Efficient regeneration is a prerequisite for all transformation techniques. The aim of the presented work was to study the progeny of transgenic plants of the allohexaploid cereal species Triticale. By combining an efficient regeneration system with the successful particle bombardment method we were able to obtain transgenic Triticale plants. Transgene expression was sometimes unstable and generally resulted in the decline of the expression, although some lines showing stable expression were also selected. In our laboratory several generations of androgenic doublehaploid transgenic lines have been regenerated and multiplicated. The integrated transgenes were detected in Triticale lines by in situ hybridisation method. The stability of trangenes has been studied on ten generations. A regeneration system from single cell to plant combined with microprojectile bombardment appeared to be the most efficient transformation method for Triticale. Numerous chimeric genes are now available for research. Some of these genes may appear useful in the future breeding of Triticale.
3

Polish transgenic cereal crops

88%
Zimny J., Sowa S., Menke-Milczarek I., Czaplicki A., Sowa A.
Biotechnologia
|
2000
|
issue 4
80-87
EN
First transgenic cereal plants have been obtained in Poland seven years ago. Within the time other cereals like wheat, rye and barley have been also transformed. The prerequisite for that was a very efficient regeneration system by somatic embryogenesis. Generally the basic study on transgenic cereals are quite advanced but the question is how to include transgenic lines in to practical breeding process? Most of genes, promoters and transformation methods are patented and probably Polish breeders will never afford to buy the licences. Though there is a need to concentrate the future work in Polish institutes on identification and isolation of genes of interest. Than to transfer them to plants and register transgenic varieties. According to the Polish law it is allowed to carry out the field experiments, but it is not possible to register the plant variety.
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