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1

AES Studies of Saturation in Surfactant Segregation Process in Co/Cu Multilayers

100%

Krupiński M., Dobrowolska A., Kąc M., Polit A., Zabila Y., Marszałek M.

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issue 2

420-422

EN

The chemical composition of successive layers in a Co/Cu multilayered system was studied during growth with Auger electron spectroscopy. Experiments were carried out on a sample with 10 repetitions of Co(1 nm)/Cu(2 nm) evaporated at a very low deposition rate in ultrahigh vacuum. A very small amount of Bi or Pb (0.06 nm) was deposited on each Cu film in the system. The experimental data have shown that the concentration of Bi and Pb increases with the number of deposited trilayers up to coverage corresponding to 5 trilayers. At that point the concentration of the surfactant saturated. The changes in the surfactant concentrations are described with a simple model depicting the interaction of the surfactant atoms with the system and how the evolution of the segregation processes. It allows the prediction of the saturation concentration and helps to explain the behaviour of various elements used as a surfactant. The comparison between the theoretical predictions and the experimental results is also discussed.

2

Modification of the Structure and Properties of FeSiB Amorphous Ribbon by Interference Pulsed Laser Heating

100%

Czyż O., Kusiński J., Radziszewska A., Ostrowski R., Morgiel J., Kanak J., Kąc M.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2018

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vol. 63

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issue 4

3

Chemical, Magnetic and X-Ray Diffraction Studies of the Sediments from Oil Field in Argentina

100%

Kopeć M., Kąc M., Bałanda M., Budziak A., Kąc S., Perzanowski M., Góra M.

Acta Physica Polonica A

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2012

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vol. 121

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issue 2

566-570

EN

Chemical, magnetic, and phase composition analysis of deposits taken from sedimentation tank from oil plant in Argentina was carried out. Energy dispersive spectroscopy indicates iron as a main sediment component with the site dependent fraction ranging from 11% to 78% (weight percentage). Moreover, large fractions of sulfur (4%-33%), oxygen (8%-28%), calcium (1%-14%), and silicon (1%-11%) were found. The chemical analysis performed with wet chemical methods also indicated Fe as a main component (about 35%), additionally a large fraction ( ≈ 15%) of the sulfur and under 10% fractions of calcium ( ≈ 7%), carbon ( ≈ 6%), and silicon ( ≈ 5%) were found in the sample. The phase composition studies performed using X-ray diffraction showed magnetite - Fe_3O_4, goethite - α-FeOOH, lepidocrocite - γ-FeOOH, siderite - FeCO_3, and iron-sulfur compounds (mackinawite - FeS, stoichiometric FeS, greigite - Fe_3S_4) and other compounds like aragonite - CaCO_3, calcite - CaCO_3, anorthite - CaAl_2Si_2O_8, quartz - SiO_2 and barium sulphate Ba(SO_3)_{0.3}(SO_4)_{0.7}. Studies performed by the Mössbauer spectroscopy, confirmed presence of majority of compounds identified by X-ray diffraction. Magnetic AC susceptibility measurements show that magnetite is a main component of the studied deposit. High concentration of the magnetic compounds deposited in the sedimentation tank points to the advisability to install the magnetic device designed to support water treatment processes, i.e.: flocculation, coagulation, sedimentation, and filtration. This device could simultaneously inhibit microbiological and chemical corrosion.

4

Direct Laser Interference Patterning: Theory and Application

100%

Zabila Y., Perzanowski M., Dobrowolska A., Kąc M., Polit A., Marszałek M.

Acta Physica Polonica A

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2009

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vol. 115

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issue 2

591-593

EN

We simulated and experimentally investigated the formation of periodic structures generated by multibeam interference patterning. The simulations at the different setup geometry show that resulting interference pattern is quasi-periodical. The calculated patterns show that the symmetries of the interference maxima depend mostly on the angles of incidence and that a wide variety of patterns can be obtained. Because of the difficulty in aligning four beams sufficiently well to avoid secondary periodicities, for testing we used a three-beam interference configuration. Atomic force microscopy images showed good correspondence between the experimental and simulated interference image, with flat islands which correspond to the destructive interference and narrow channels which correspond to the constructive interference fringes.

5

The Behaviour of Surfactants during the Growth of Co/Cu Multilayers

100%

Polit A., Kąc M., Krupiński M., Samul B., Zabila Y., MarszaŁek M.

Acta Physica Polonica A

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2007

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vol. 112

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issue 6

1281-1287

EN

The [Co(1 nm)/Cu(2 nm)]_N multilayers with different numbers of bilayer repetitions (N=3 and 10) were thermally evaporated on Si(100) substrates with a small amount of Bi or Pb deposited only on the first and on the second Cu layer. The chemical composition of the surface after each step of the preparation process was studied by Auger electron spectroscopy. The evolution of the Auger peaks showed the segregation of Bi and Pb surfactants. During the evaporation of the subsequent Co and Cu layers, gradual decrease in the surfactant amount on the surface was observed. No appearance of Co peak on the Cu layer, and Cu peak on the Co layer even for a coverage of a few å indicates the layer continuity. The interface roughness of the surfactant-mediated Co/Cu layers analyzed by X-ray reflectometry (when surfactant was deposited twice) was similar to the pure Co/Cu samples. However, more repetitions of surfactant, by reduction of interface roughness, improve the layer quality.

6

XAFS Studies of the Behaviour of Bi in Co/Cu Multilayers

84%

Krupiński M., Kąc M., Polit A., Zabila Y., Zając D., Marszałek M., Kapusta C., Dobrowolska A.

Acta Physica Polonica A

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2009

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vol. 115

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issue 2

565-567

EN

The atomic environment of Bi atoms in the Co/Cu multilayered system was studied with X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. Experiments were carried out on a Co(1 nm)/Cu(2 nm) system with 5 and 10 repetitions of Co/Cu evaporated with very low deposition rate in ultrahigh vacuum. A very small amount of Bi (0.06 nm) was deposited on each Cu film in the system. The X-ray absorption fine structure spectra were measured at the BiL_3 edge in the X-ray absorption near-edge structure and extended X-ray absorption fine structure ranges at the Beamline X1 of HASYLAB/DESY synchrotron laboratory in Hamburg. The experimental data showed different local neighbourhood of Bi, depending on the number of Co/Cu bilayer repetitions. The results are discussed in terms of the location and segregation of the Bi atoms as well as its possible oxidation ways.

7

Investigation of Sediments Causing Damage to Water Meters in a Large Drinking Water Distribution System

68%

Kopeć M., Roman M., Kąc M., Budziak A., Paluszkiewicz C., Zarzycki A., Kąc S., Dutkiewicz E., Cichoń T., Bochnia T., Kwiatek W.

Acta Physica Polonica A

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2018

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vol. 133

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issue 2

296-301

EN

Preliminary studies on the sediments collected from water meters of Krakow water supply system were performed in the cooperation with the Municipal Water Supply and Sewage. Creation and deposition of sediments on the measuring devices installed in the water supply system is a serious technological and economical problem for water companies, defectively operating for this reason water meters must be replaced. It is evident that knowledge of the chemical and phase composition of sediments is an important step towards resolving the problem of impurities in water supply systems. Four different samples of sediments, coming from water meters, were investigated using the proton-induced X-ray emission, the X-ray diffraction, the Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy. The X-ray methods revealed presence of amorphous and fine-crystalline phases as well as high content of iron-based compounds. As a crystalline phase, the most frequently appeared: goethite, lepidocrocite, iron oxides (hematite, maghemite, magnetite), calcium carbonate, and quartz. In one of the samples, the nanocrystalline phase was found and identified as hydrous iron oxyhydroxide ferrihydrite. Vibrational spectroscopy methods confirmed the composition of crystalline phases as well as enabled to estimate the abundance of amorphous phase in samples.

Refine search results

AES Studies of Saturation in Surfactant Segregation Process in Co/Cu Multilayers

Modification of the Structure and Properties of FeSiB Amorphous Ribbon by Interference Pulsed Laser Heating

Chemical, Magnetic and X-Ray Diffraction Studies of the Sediments from Oil Field in Argentina

Direct Laser Interference Patterning: Theory and Application

The Behaviour of Surfactants during the Growth of Co/Cu Multilayers

XAFS Studies of the Behaviour of Bi in Co/Cu Multilayers

Investigation of Sediments Causing Damage to Water Meters in a Large Drinking Water Distribution System