Full-text resources of PSJD and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Refine search results

Journals help
Years help
Authors help
Preferences help
enabled [disable] Abstract
Number of results

Results found: 54

Number of results on page
first rewind previous Page / 3 next fast forward last

Search results

help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 3 next fast forward last
EN
A preliminary inventory of the vegetation at the proposed site of the botanical garden of Ekiti State University was carried out with a view to providing baseline information about the richness, distribution, economic and medicinal importance of the available plant species. This is to serve as fundamental knowledge for a periodical assessment of impact as the garden is fully established. The proposed site measures 1944 m2 in size. With the aid of a geographical compass, the entire land area was divided into four axes (i.e. north-, south-, east- and west-wards) to serve as guide for enumerating the plant species and assessing their pattern of distribution. Plant collections were made from the four axes by means of secateurs and vasculum and thereafter prepared as herbarium specimens which were stored in the University Herbarium. Forty plant families, comprising eighty-four species were noted for the inventory. The economic and medicinal importance of the plant species was recorded. As at the period of the exercise, five plant species were abundant, twenty-three were occasional, while fifty-six were rare. It was deduced that the site is a secondary forest, rich in plant species and would be less costly to be prepared for the establishment of a botanical garden. Goals of sustainable development and species conservation was set for the management of the said garden.
EN
Biological synthesis of metal nanoparticles gained worldwide interest due to their rapid, non-toxic, economical, single-step technique and eco-friendly alternative. Green-chemical approach of production of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) has been exploited in the field of medicine, food packaging, nano-optical and electrical devices. Muntingia calabura is a multipotent medicinal plant with astounded biological activities and phytoconstituents. The nanoparticles obtained using aqueous extracts of various parts of M. calabura were characterized with UV-VIS spectroscopy to obtain information concerning the optical properties of synthesized ZnO nanoparticles. The proposed green and economical method could be used for large scale production of nanostructures because of its advantages over other physical and chemical methods.
EN
Pollen analytical study of two locally produced honey samples collected from Akwa Ibom and Cross River State, Southern Nigeria were carried out in order to ascertain the preferentially foraged plants by honey bees, as well as the concentration of heavy metals. Samples were subjected to standard laboratory procedures using an acetolysis mixture (pollen analysis) and atomic absorption spectrometry (heavy metals). The results from the analysis revealed 32 taxa belonging to 17 botanical families. The number of pollen grains in the honey samples varied significantly (between 4,887 - 12,755 pollen grains), indicating their richness in pollen grains. 12 elements - Ni, Cu, Zn, Se, Br, K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Rb, and Fe were detected. Potassium had the highest concentration, followed by iron, calcium, titanium, zinc, copper, chromium, nickel, among others. What is more, in this study, some important honey plants: Spondias mombin, Daniella oliveri, Manihot esculenta, Treculia africana, Syzigium guineensis, Diospyros mespiliformis, Parkia biglobosa, Terminalia superba, Senna hirsuta, among others were found to be predominant and have been identified to be characteristic of the vegetation typical of Southern Nigeria. With regard to honey, this study gives an indication of the geographical and botanical origins, as well as types, source, and degree of contamination, and also an overall measure of honey purity. Such information, when displayed, can help consumers make informed decision when purchasing honey and will also help beekeepers to avoid possible contamination. Moreover, it will assist regulatory agencies in taking proper measures for environmental and consumer protection, since the concentration of heavy metals in honey is influenced by environmental pollution.
EN
The research work has been carried out to estimate the low level cobalt application enhance antioxidant enzyme activities of cluster bean plants. The experiments were conducted in earthen pots containing 3 kg of air dried soil. The inner surface of pots was lined with polythene sheet. Cluster bean plants were raised in soil amended with different concentration of cobalt (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 mg/kg). The antioxidant enzyme activities were analysed at 30, 60, and 90 days after sowing (DAS). There found a significant enhance antioxidant enzyme activities at 50 mg/kg cobalt application in the soil in all the sampling days when compared to control. Further increase in the cobalt level (100-250 mg/kg) in the soil decreased antioxidant enzyme activities of cluster bean plants in all the sampling days.
EN
Mushrooms are able to accumulate both primary and secondary metabolites. Medicinal and antioxidant properties of mushrooms are an excellent combination of their nutrition value. Recent studies have demonstrated that edible mushroom species contain non–hallucinogenic indole compounds and their derivatives. The indole skeleton is the basis of the substances serving important functions in the human body, such as serotonin and melatonin. These compounds fulfill the role of neurotransmitters or their precursors, exhibit antioxidant, anticancer, anti–aging actions, regulate the diurnal cycle in humans and participate in blood coagulation. These compounds and their derivatives are also anti– inflammatory and analgesic therapeutics.
EN
Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler (shiitake) is a species with medicinal properties that is used primarily in traditional medicine, but also in conventional oncology treatment. The first records of Lentinula edodes cultivation reach back to China under the Song dynast (960-1127). The Japanese adopted the Chinese technique of shiitake cultivation, thus becoming its main producer. Currently, shiitake is used in the treatment of lifestyle diseases. Polysaccharides contained in this species strengthen the immune system, eliminate side effects of chemo and radiotherapy and have strong antitumor, antiviral and antibacterial properties. The year 1972 saw a discovery of substances with anti-atherosclerotic effects, with the most important being eritadenine (2 (R), 3 (R)-dihydroxy-4 – (9-adanyl) butyric acid) and statin – lovastatin. L. edodes is of interest to researchers due to its content of therapeutic compounds. These substances have antitumor, antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, hypocholesterolemic, antihypertensive, hypoglycaemic and antioxidant effects.
EN
The regulation of firing thresholds of cortical pyramidal cells has been suggested as one of the mechanisms underlying the generation of the P300 component of the human event-related potential. According to this hypothesis, the detection of an important stimulus produces a widespread inhibition of 'irrelevant' networks, interrupting the ongoing cortical activity and facilitating the analysis of the important information. In the present experiment, target stimuli in a standard 'odd-ball' paradigm were used as important events. The cortical responsiveness was measured using the responses to additional probing stimuli delivered 400 ms and 1,000 ms after target and non-target stimuli. The subjects were asked to count mentally the target stimuli and ignore the non-targets and the probes. The level of 'irrelevant' cortical activity was manipulated using additional visual noise stimulation. Event-related potentials were recorded at Fz, Cz, Pz and Oz scalp sites. Our results showed that the noise reduced the initial responses to target and non-target stimuli in Oz, Pz and Cz but not in Fz recordings. The noise reduced the probe responses in Oz and Pz but not in Cz and Fz recordings. The amplitudes of P300 components were not affected by the noise. The target stimuli reduced the subsequent probe responses in Pz and Cz but not in Oz and Fz recordings. Thus, the effects of noise and target detection were not identical in the different regions of cortex. The other important outcome of our study was that the target stimuli suppressed the effects of noise. The effect of noise on probe responses was significant in the non-target but not in the target trials. The effect of noise was significant if the probes were delivered 1,000 ms after 'odd-ball' stimuli, but it was insignificant when the delay was only 400 ms. Such results support the hypothesis that important information reduces cortical responses to other, irrelevant stimuli.
EN
Mushrooms containing hallucinogenic indole compounds are one of the sources of psychoactive substances which are found in nature. These species contain indole derivatives such as for example psilocybin, a naturally occurring hallucinogen. The potential of these compunds for occasioning altered states of consciousness has probably been known by human kind from the very beginning, which is indicated by the ancient findings. The aim of this article is to address the issue of using hallucinogenic mushrooms in purpose of altering consciousness. This work presents a brief report of marks for the ancient use of hallucinogenic mushrooms and other hallucinogens, and discusses the matter of religious experiences facilitated by the use of hallucinogenic indole derivatives. Finally, the controversies over the hallucinogenic substances are taken under consideration.
EN
Cissus vitiginea L. is a perennial climber with potent medicinal values and used in Indian traditional systems of medicines to cure wounds, diabetes, cardiovascular illness, cancers, particularly bone diseases and arthritis. This plant is kept under rare category in certain parts of India due to its imprudent harvesting from the wild. Assortment of literature on phytochemical studies of this plant shows the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, glycosides, coumarin, tannins, sugar, proteins etc. The reported secondary metabolites have been reviewed to possess immense biological activities in living systems. In the present review, we have summarized the information concerning the botanical description, phytochemistry, toxicology, pharmacology and the traditional medicinal uses of C. vitiginea. It has been concluded that this plant has not been well explored for its various biological activities and the alternate methods of propagation to increase its natural population in the wild.
EN
Lumnitzera littorea is a critically endangered true mangrove species in Sri Lanka. Although this species was observed in several localities in the past, it was only found in Madu Ganga Ramsar site. Even there, the population is considerably low with low regeneration potential. We have recorded a new population of L. littorea from Bentota estuary which was believed to be disappeared a long ago. This population is a considerably large and young. Hence, this new population would be the key to the future conservation of this highly threatened species in Sri Lanka. However, it is currently facing numerous threats from people thus proper conservation actions should immediately be taken.
EN
The importance of trees in the environment cannot be overemphasized. This present study, therefore, deals with the distribution and relative density of trees species in Kainji Lake National Park. Data were collected using plot sampling techniques. Therein, a 50 by 50 m2 plot was randomly laid. Within each sample plot, data on all trees ≥ 10 cm in diameter at breast height were enumerated. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The result shows that different types of plants species were enumerated in the selected plots. This included six families of trees: Fabiaceae, Caesalpiniaceae, Rubiaceae, Maliaceae, Annonaceae and Mimosaceae. The percentage score of tree species in the four plots reveals that Afzelia africana recorded the highest with a total number of 60 species, followed by Detarium macrocarpium with 47 species, while Anogeissus leiocarpus and Azadirachta indica recorded 31 and 17 species, respectively. Gardenia aqualla was the least species recorded. The density and relative density of Afzelia africana recorded the highest, with 1.2ha and 26.9%, followed by Detarium microcarpiuum with 0.94ha and 21.1%, respectively, while Gardenia aqualla was the least with 0.02 ha and 0.4%. In terms of mean height, Daniela oliveri recorded the highest, with 28.1m, followed by Afzelia africana with 21.8%, while Azadirachta indica was the least with 5.8%. The mean DBH of Entada africana and Anogeissus leiocarpus recorded was 28.7cm and 28.1cm, while Prosopis africana and Accacia gournmaensis recorded 14.0 and 13.4, respectively, which were the least. The Types of wild animal species that are associated with the tree species includes Baboon, Kob, Grim duiker, Francolin, Patas monkey etc. Relative abundance of the animal species shows that Papio anubis recorded the highest with 40.5 individuals, while Erythrocebus patas recorded the least with 2.5 individuals.
EN
Allergic over burden increases at an alarming rate worldwide. In India allergy becomes a major health problem from last decade with increasing urbanization. The study is aimed to know the allergic problems among the common people of Serampore sub division of West Bengal, India. A survey was conducted on 100 randomly selected people of the study area. The allergic patients were asked about their time of onset of allergy, duration, symptoms etc. Most of the patients were found to suffer from allergy mostly at spring season. In the study area Moringaoleifera and Buteamonosperma plants were found in large numbers. The antigenic extracts from pollen grains of these plants were prepared and specific IgE against these allergens in the patient sera were determined. Most of the patient showed high IgE titre against the pollen antigen of Moringaoleifera. This is a potent aero-allergen in the study area.
EN
In order to elucidate the role of cortical input on sensory information processing in different thalamic somatosensory nuclei we recorded potentials evoked (EPs) by whisker deflections of short duration from ventral posteromedial (VPm) and medial posterior (POm) nuclei while manipulating cortico-thalamic activity by means of local cooling, lidocaine application or electrical stimulation. It appeared that only the earliest sub-component of the first negative wave of the EPs resulted from peripheral input, while the rest of the potential?s negativity depended on cortical feedback. The latencies and amplitudes of EPs recorded at both nuclei were not significantly different, which might be attributed to urethane anesthesia.
EN
Proximate, ultimate and chemical composition of four varieties of dates, namely Digila, Krikri, Sukur and Trigal were determined in the pulp. In addition, the seed kernel of dika nut (Irvingia gabonensis) was assessed on a dry weight basis. The proximate analysis included moisture, volatile matter, Fixed Carbon and ash, respectively, with the pulp of Digila having the highest fixed carbon of 72.73%, while the krikri date pulp contained the highest moisture of 79.22%, Sukur pulp has the highest volatile matter of 59.20%, and Trigal seed contained 88.05% moisture - establishing that its kernel holds the highest moisture content among the four cultivars. Ultimate Analysis showed that Digila and Trigal pulp contained the same amount of total carbon (94.10%), the pulp of Krikri contained the highest amount of hydrogen (3.55%), while the pulp of Sukur has 1.44% Nitrogen, and the dika nut seed contained 9.82% Oxygen - making it the highest. Moreover, Sulpur, Digila, Sukur, Trigal and Krikri have available hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, sulphur, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc and phosphorus for the body to absorb for physiological activities, but lacked chlorine, aluminum, and silicon at detectable levels. All these quality food properties make dates a good source of sweetening agent in the food processing industry.
EN
The present report illustrates an improved and reproducible micropropagation system for economically valuable bamboo species Pseudoxytenanthera stocksii using nodal segments. Direct organogenesis from nodal segments was accomplished by culturing on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 6.0 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). On this medium combination 9.0±0.25 shoots per explant were induced. Shoot multiplication was subjective to the combination of auxins and cytokinins concentrations used and number of repeated transfer of mother explants or subculturing of in vitro regenerated shoot clumps on fresh medium. Maximum 41.9±1.00 shoots were observed on MS medium supplemented with 4.0 mg/L of BAP and 0.25 mg/L of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Half strength MS medium containing various concentrations of auxins was used for in vitro root formation. Successful rooting with maximum response was achieved on half strength MS medium + 50% sucrose and 1.0 mg/L IBA (24.3±0.27 roots). The rooted plantlets were planted the soilrite and hardened in the greenhouse for 6-8 weeks. Completely acclimatized plantlets exhibited 96% survivability. The present propagation protocol could satisfy the demand of P. stocksii and could be explored for the commercial propagation of this valuable manga bamboo.
EN
Limited information on the mineral elements constituent of ackee Blighia sapida K.D. Koenig and Cola millenii K. Schum are responsible for the underutilization of parts of this tree for health benefit purposes in West Africa. This study comparatively investigated the mineral nutrient content of both B. sapida and C. millenii pods. The results of the mineral element composition revealed that ackee (B. sapida) pod is high in Na 1.325%, Ca 0.032%, Mg 0.033%, P 0.017% and K 0.077%, compared to C. millenii with Na 0.663%, Ca 0.019%, Mg 0.013%, P 0.004% and K 0.013%, respectively. We also noted that the pods of B. sapida are rich in Fe 0.135%, when compared to 0.045% of Fe present in C. millenii pods. In contrast, C. milleni pods are rich in Cu 0.086% when compared to B. sapida pods at 0.054%. Also C. milleni pods contain Mn 0.001%, Zn 0.006%, Pd 0.006%, Cr 0.0002% and Cd 0.00002% while B. sapida contains Mn 0.003%, Zn 0.005%, Pd 0.004%, Cr 0.003% and Cd 0.00008%, respectively. These results indicate that ackee pods are good sources of Sodium and Iron, when compared with C. millenii. The results also reveal that the levels of Lead, Chromium and cadmium are very low in both samples, making them safe for human consumption.
EN
This is the first report of an ecological investigation on endomycorrhizal symbiosis in Curcuma aeruginosa, a medicinally and nutritionally important herb. Samples were collected from the field, where the plant grows under natural condition. AM fungal and soil fertility parameters were analysed as per standard methods. Altogether 16 different AM fungal species from seven different soil series are discovered. AM fungal species composition varied among soil series. Species richness of AM fungi was positively correlated with organic carbon content of soil. Shannon's diversity index and Simpson's index in the study area were measured. High intensity of AM fungal colonization in the roots of naturally growing C. aeruginosa suggests the need of proper management of the association in its cultivation practices also. Data obtained from the present investigation may help for the development of native AM fungi based biofertilizer based for a sustainable soil fertility management and cultivation of the crop.
EN
The indigenous systems of medicines, developed in India for centuries, make use of many medicinal herbs. These systems include Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and many other indigenous practices. The Nagapattinam district is considered as notable land for rich biological resources and broad spectra of plant existence. The flora of the district is wealthy and rich and vibrant because of the moist deciduous and dry deciduous mode of vegetation. The documentation of the present study provides evidence that medicinal flora play an important role in the human health care system of Mayiladuthurai Taluk, Nagapattinam district of Tami Nadu, India.
EN
Upper Tanawallies is in the middle of the Western part of Hazara division, and includes the remote areas of four districts i.e. Mansehra, Abbottabad, Haripur and Tor-Ghar, having latitude 34°.34.40´ N to 34°.48.88´ N and 72°.84.27´ E to 73°.10.50´ E longitude. This area is loaded with plant diversity, and tree species in this area vary in their life form, leaf spectra and phenological behavior. There is no prior record of plants diversity in the area, hence, this study was conducted to explore the tree diversity, life form, leaf spectrum and phenology of the tree flora. A total 127 sampling stands (10 x 10 m2) were put into place in different locations in Upper Tanawallies to collect field data using the quadrat method. As an outcome, we learned that the region hosts 53 different tree species of 39 genera belonging to 25 tree families. The biological spectra of the trees were constructed according to Raunkiaer (1934). Results showed that Mesophanerophytes was the dominant life form class, contributing 34 (64%) of all tree species encountered, while Mesophyll and Microphyll was the dominant leaf size spectrum classes, each contributing to a count of 18 (34%) of all tree species. Frequent field visits were also carried out during the flowering and fruiting seasons in 2016/17. The result indicates that most tree species of the area show flowering during April-May (32%) while, maximum fruiting were recorded in June-July (36%). Our study concludes that anthropogenic activities on these forests should be reduced to overcome deforestation. This work will be the baseline for new research in the study area.
EN
The response of cut Amaranthus tricolor foliage to continuous treatment with 200 mg·l-1 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate (8-HQC) or 2, 4 and 6% ethanol was investigated. Application of ethanol and HQC enhanced the vase-life and final fresh weight. The best quality cut Amaranthus tricolor foliage were obtained when the stems held in 4% ethanol. These are the first published results that indicate that ethanol positively improved the postharvest quality of cut Amaranthus tricolor foliage.
first rewind previous Page / 3 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.