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The Effects of Austempering and Induction Hardening on the Wear Properties of Camshaft Made of Ductile Cast Iron

100%
Karaca B., Şımşır M.
Acta Physica Polonica A
|
2017
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vol. 131
|
issue 3
448-452
EN
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of heat austempering and induction hardening on the wear properties of GGG60 ductile cast iron for camshaft production. For this purpose, camshafts have been produced by sand mould casting method. Fe-Si-Mg alloy has been used for inoculation process to achieve iron nodulization. The casting has been done between 1410-1420°C. The casted camshafts have been austenitized at two different temperatures (800 and 900°C) and time intervals (60 and 90 min) under controlled furnace atmosphere. The austenitized camshafts have been quenched into the molten salt bath at 360°C, held there for 90 min and then cooled in air. This way, austempering heat treatment has been applied. After that, surface hardening process was conducted using induction hardening machine with medium frequency. Microstructure of camshafts has been examined by optical methods and mechanical tests have been performed. Results show that austempering heat treatment increases the wear resistance of camshaft, compared to as-cast condition. Wear resistance of the camshaft increases with increasing austenitizing temperature, time and with induction hardening. The lowest weight loss of 0.62 mg has been obtained for the induction hardened camshaft austenitized at 900°C for 90 min.
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The Cathodic Electrolytic Plasma Hardening of Steel and Cast Iron Based Automotive Camshafts

81%
Dayanç A., Karaca B., Kumruoğlu L.
Acta Physica Polonica A
|
2017
|
vol. 131
|
issue 3
374-378
EN
Cathodic electrolytic plasma hardening is a novel thermochemical surface modification and hardening process, used to increase wear resistance and surface hardness of metallic components in a local area of interest. The heating efficiency is related with the plasma nozzle design, applied current and electrolyte. The nozzle design is also a critical factor for the hardening of complex shapes, such as gears and camshafts. In this work, lobes of camshafts, fabricated from several cast iron and steel grades were hardened by cathodic electrolytic plasma hardening in aqueous carbonate electrolyte, using a specific plasma nozzle. The camshafts were attached to CNC lathe for turning them in the horizontal axis. In order to optimise heating and to achieve the ideal flowing and wetting by the electrolyte of the lobe case, the ceramic ellipse-shaped nozzle outlet was designed. As a result of preliminary studies, external surface of lobes was heated and subsequently quenched by electrolyte. The hardness of processed surface was in the range of 50-60 HRc for the different camshafts. No distortion was observed on the surface of lobes. Hardness depth was measured to be from 0.1 mm to 5 mm for several lobes.
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