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1

Preliminary studies on the inheritance of white coat colour in Arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus L.)

100%
Filistowicz A., Wierzbicki H., Przysiecki P.
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vol. 38
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issue 1
57-64
EN
. Main genes determining white coat colour in Arctic foxes are: recessive gene d and incompletely dominant, autosomal gene S with lethal effect in homozygous condition. The white coat colour of Arctic foxes bred on Polish farms had been determined solely by the recessive gene until the 1970s, when the Shadow variety was imported from Norway. The genetic code of the two varieties was different, but this fact was not taken into account. The results obtained in the present study do not confirm the theories on the heredity of white coat colour of Arctic foxes. The authors of these theories assumed that the coat colour depends on the presence of a recessive gene, the only factor responsible for the white furcoat. Apart from Polar and Shadow white foxes, there is a wide variety of darker white animals, and this fact suggests that there is a number of cumulative genes responsible for the intensity of coat pigmentation.
2

Genetic, phenotypic and environmental trends of conformation traits in arctic fox Alopex lagopus (L.)

100%
Wierzbicki H., Filistowicz A., Przysiecki P.
Journal of Applied Genetics
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2000
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vol. 41
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issue 2
113-122
EN
Data on 3782 arctic foxes, bred on a Sniaty fox farm (Poland) in 1985-1998 were used to estimate the genetic, phenotypic and environmental trends of conformation traits. Body size (BS), colour type (CT), colour purity (CP), coat density (CD), hair length (HL), general appearance (GA) and total score (TS) were analysed. The BLUP with a single-trait animal model was used to estimate the genetic trends. The estimates of genetic and phenotypic trends were positive for BS, CT, CP, HL, GA, TS and ranged from 0.0006 to 0.0995 point/year and from 0.0100 to 0.1302 point/year, respectively, but were negative for CD (- 0.0374 point/year and - 0.0262 point/year, respectively). The environmental trends ranged from - 0.0024 point/year for CT to 0.0304 point/year for TS.
3

Genetic parameters of conformation and coat traits in fox (Vulpes vulpes) population

100%
Filistowicz A., Wierzbicki H., Zwolinska-Bartczak I., Zuk B.
Journal of Applied Genetics
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1999
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vol. 40
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issue 3
211-217
EN
The aim of this paper was to estimate heritabilities and genetic, environmental and phenotypic correlations between conformation and coat traits of animals, and to determine on this basis the further direction of fox breeding improvement. 2072 individuals were studied. The model included a fixed effect of birth year of individuals and random effects of sire and dam mated in a given year with a given sire. Probit transformation was used because conformation and coat traits are evaluated on a discrete scale and their distribution strongly differs from the normal distribution. The obtained heritabilities of conformation traits show that selection on total conformation evaluation, hair length and general appearance of the animal should be characterised by a rather high effectiveness. Selection on body size and colour type of coat is the least promising. Genetic correlations between evaluation of total conformation and the other traits show that selection of this trait should improve (correlated response) all the other traits except body size and colour type. Body size is positively and relatively highly correlated genetically with the amount of silver and hair length, so inclusion of these traits, beside total conformation evaluation, can ensure indirect improvement of animal body size.
4

Statistical aspects of genetic association testing in small samples, based on selective DNA pooling data in the arctic fox

88%
Szyda J., Liu Z., Zaton-Dobrowolska M., Wierzbicki H., Rzasa A.
Journal of Applied Genetics
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2008
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vol. 49
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issue 1
81-92
EN
We analysed data from a selective DNA pooling experiment with 130 individuals of the arctic fox (Alopex lagopus), which originated from 2 different types regarding body size. The association between alleles of 6 selected unlinked molecular markers and body size was tested by using univariate and multinomial logistic regression models, applying odds ratio and test statistics from the power divergence family. Due to the small sample size and the resulting sparseness of the data table, in hypothesis testing we could not rely on the asymptotic distributions of the tests. Instead, we tried to account for data sparseness by (i) modifying confidence intervals of odds ratio; (ii) using a normal approximation of the asymptotic distribution of the power divergence tests with different approaches for calculating moments of the statistics; and (iii) assessing P values empirically, based on bootstrap samples. As a result, a significant association was observed for 3 markers. Furthermore, we used simulations to assess the validity of the normal approximation of the asymptotic distribution of the test statistics under the conditions of small and sparse samples.
5

Genetic parameters of coat colour in golden fox (Vulpes vulpes L.)

64%
Filistowicz F. A., Filistowicz A., Przysiecki P. P., Przysiecki P., Wierzbicki W. H., Wierzbicki H., Tokarska T. M., Tokarska M.
Journal of Applied Genetics
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2000
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vol. 41
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issue 4
259-265
EN
Genetic parameters (heritability, genetic and phenotypic correlations) of chosen coat colour traits of golden fox were estimated. 1013 animals, born on the ?niaty fox farm (Poland) in 1985-1999 were evaluated. In 1993-1999 colour type was additionally assessed for 833 animals, by detailed evaluation of coat colour on the back and sides of the body, throat colour, belly colour and the amount of silver hair. The REML method was used to estimate genetic (co)variance components. Data were transformed using the probit transformation. Heritability estimates for coat traits were low (0.04 to 0.22). Values of most of the estimated genetic parameters (h2, rG, rP) were comparable to those frequently reported for other colour types of silver fox.
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