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An Evaluation of Symmetry in the Lower Limb Joints During the Able-Bodied Gait of Women and Men

100%

Forczek W., Staszkiewicz R.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2012

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vol. 35

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issue 1

47-57

EN

For many years, mainly to simplify data analysis, scientists assumed that during a gait, the lower limbs moved symmetrically. However, even a cursory survey of the more recent literature reveals that the human walk is symmetrical only in some aspects. That is why the presence of asymmetry should be considered in all studies of locomotion. The gait data were collected using the 3D motion analysis system Vicon. The inclusion criteria allowed the researchers to analyze a very homogenous group, which consisted of 54 subjects (27 women and 27 men). Every selected participant moved at a similar velocity: approximately 1,55 m/s. The analysis included kinematic parameters defining spatio-temporal structure of locomotion, as well as angular changes of the main joints of the lower extremities (ankle, knee and hip) in the sagittal plane. The values of those variables were calculated separately for the left and for the right leg in women and men. This approach allowed us to determine the size of the differences, and was the basis for assessing gait asymmetry using a relative asymmetry index, which was constructed by the authors. Analysis of the results demonstrates no differences in the temporal and phasic variables of movements of the right and left lower limb. However, different profiles of angular changes in the sagittal plane were observed, measured bilaterally for the ankle joint.

2

Subjective methods for assessing physical activity in pregnant women

81%

Curyło M., Forczek W., Forczek B.

Medical Rehabilitation

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2014

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vol. 18(3)

25-30

PL

Regularna aktywność fizyczna stosowana w okresie poprzedzającym ciążę oraz w czasie jej trwania w znacznym stopniu warunkuje prawidłowy przebieg tego niezwykle ważnego stanu w życiu kobiety. Celem niniejszej pracy jest prezentacja subiektywnych narzędzi badawczych najczęściej stosowanych do oceny aktywności ruchowej kobiet ciężarnych. Analizowano przydatność kwestionariuszy: Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire, Kaiser Physical Activity Survey, International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Paffenbarger Physical Activity Questionnaire, Seven-Day Physical Activity Recall, Minnesota Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire, oraz Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents and Adults. Z uwagi na wykazywane w licznych badaniach, prowadzonych na całym świecie, zjawisko ograniczania aktywności ruchowej wśród ciężarnych oraz znikomą ilość badań polskich w zakresie oceny aktywności fizycznej w grupie kobiet oczekujących narodzin dziecka, wydaje się zasadne propagowanie metod, które pozwolą na obserwację trendów tego zjawiska w Polsce. Wydaje się, iż jest to istotne w pracy lekarzy, położnych i fizjoterapeutów, których rolą jest m.in. promowanie zachowań prozdrowotnych.

EN

Regular physical activity in the period before and during pregnancy largely determines the correct course of this important state in the life ofa woman. The purpose of this paper is to present the subjective research tools most commonly used to assess physical activity in pregnant women. The following questionnaires were studied: Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire, Kaiser Physical Activity Survey, International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Paffenbarger Physical Activity Questionnaire, Seven-Day Physical Activity Recall, Minnesota Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire and Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents and Adults. Due to the phenomenon of limiting physical activity among pregnant women, reported in numerous studies conducted around the world, anda negligible amount of Polish research on the assessment of physical activity in pregnant women, it seems reasonable to promote methods that allow for the observation of trends of this phenomenon in Poland. It seems that tracking trends is important for the work of doctors, midwives and physiotherapists, whose role is to, among other things, promote healthy behaviour.

3

Kinematic gait analysis of a young man after amputation of the toes

81%

Forczek W., Ruchlewicz T., Gawęda A.

Biomedical Human Kinetics

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2014

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vol. 6

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issue 1

EN

Study aim: the foot is recognised as a “functional unit” with two important aims: to support body weight and to serve as a lever to propel the body forward. When it is impaired, the locomotor pattern has to adapt to compensate for the dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to investigate gait kinematics of a man after bilateral partial amputation of the toes. Material and methods: the subject of the study was a young man aged 30 years (body height and mass: 186 cm, 82 kg) who suffered a frostbite injury in the feet while climbing in the severe mountain conditions. After a few months of treatment, the necessary amputation occurred. Three-dimensional lower limb kinematics was collected from motion capture system (Vicon 250) and Golem marker set-up using 5 video-based cameras with infrared strobes. The subject performed over-ground walking at self-selected speed, first barefoot, then wearing athletic shoes. Results: the patient’s results are the mean values of sixteen full gait cycles. The spatiotemporal parameters were lower during gait without shoes. In terms of the angular changes of the lower limb joints in sagittal plane, the analysis revealed similar functional patterns and typical trends in both recorded conditions. The differences, however, occurred in their amplitude. A larger range of motion was generally noted in shod conditions. The higher the joint was, the smaller the differences were. Conclusion: changes in gait due to the forefoot dysfunction may be stabilizing adaptations related to fear of falling. Footwear provided more stable conditions.

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1 Biomedical Human Kinetics

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3 Forczek W.

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1 Ruchlewicz T.

1 Staszkiewicz R.

An Evaluation of Symmetry in the Lower Limb Joints During the Able-Bodied Gait of Women and Men

Subjective methods for assessing physical activity in pregnant women

Kinematic gait analysis of a young man after amputation of the toes