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Physiochemical and Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) Level in Water Resources: A Study of Selected Communities in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria

100%
Osifeso O. O., Umoren O. D., Akinwunmi K. A., Rasaq T. T.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2025
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vol. 62
119-131
EN
Water contamination/pollution is one of the challenges faced by the developing countries in which Nigeria is included. This study focuses on the evaluation of physiochemical and potentially toxic elements (PTEs) level in water resources from selected communities in Abeokuta, Nigeria. Water samples from water resources (hand-dug wells, rivers and taps) within the selected seven (7) communities was collected. All water parameters were carried out using standard laboratory procedure. The results revealed that pH in Lisa well (5.94), Ilaru river (5.91), Kanga well (5.73) and Agodo river (5.39) were above the WHO standard (6.5-8.5) while DO in Efuye river (4.95 mg/L), Ilaru river (3.25 mg/L) and Agodo river (3.40 mg/L) were not in line with the WHO standard (5.0). Furthermore, the concentration of Pb in Efuye river and Asipa well (0.016 mg/L) was above the WHO standard (0.01 mg/L) while Cd and Hg in all the water sources were above the WHO standard (0.003 and 0.006 mg/L) respectively. In conclusion, the study revealed that the some of the water sources are polluted with PTEs such as Pb, while all are polluted with Cd and Hg. Therefore, the is unsuitable for use and detrimental to environmental and human health.
2
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Heavy Metals (HMs) Concentration in Two Sections of Ogun River, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria

88%
Osifeso O. O., Umoren O. D., Akinbola M. G., Idowu D. A., Akinbola S. A.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2025
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vol. 60
115-125
EN
Water is essential for the survival of all living beings, yet this precious resource faces growing threats due to the expanding human population and rising developmental activities. The study aimed to assess the heavy metals (HMs) Concentration in Two Sections of the Ogun River in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. Water samples were collected in triplicate from the two sections, then all water parameters were carried out using standard laboratory procedures. The findings indicated that both pH and temperature were elevated in the Alagada section, while electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solids (TDS) were higher in the Lafenwa section of the Ogun River. Moreover, the concentrations of cadmium, copper, iron, zinc, and chromium were greater in the Alagada section, whereas manganese, nickel, and lead levels were elevated in the Lafenwa section of the river. Additionally, the concentrations of cadmium, iron, chromium, manganese, nickel, and lead in both sections, along with copper in the Alagada section, exceeded the standards set by the World Health Organization (WHO). A moderately positive correlation was also identified between copper and nickel, as well as manganese and iron, suggesting that the HMs arise from a combination of natural and human-induced sources.
3
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Physicochemical Parameters and Trace Elements (TEs) Level in Top Soil from Selected Communities in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria

88%
Osifeso O. O., Umoren O. D., Akinwunmi K. A., Ibitokun O. R., Oguntoye A. O.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2025
|
vol. 62
1-16
EN
The ongoing rise in urban development has resulted in a surge in human activities, which has contributed to pollution, including the presence of potentially harmful elements. The study aims to evaluate the physicochemical parameters and trace elements (TEs) levels in top soil from selected communities in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. Five (5) composite soil samples were collected from five selected communities (Asipa, Lisa, Efuye, Ilarun and Dangbogboru) in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. The physicochemical analysis and TE estimation were performed using standard methods. The results revealed that all the investigated physicochemical parameters (soil moisture %, Bulk Density, % porosity, organic carbon and matter %, sand, clay and silt %, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium level), including the trace element such as Copper (Cu), Manganese (Mn), Zinc (Zn), Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd) and Cobalt (Co) concentrations comply with European Union standards. Consequently, it can be concluded that there was no trace element pollution in the soil at the time of the study.
4
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Protective Effect of Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Oken (Miracle Leaf) Extract on Butylglycol-Induced Hepatotoxicity

88%
Osifeso O. O., Umoren O. D., Bamidele A. A., Obika C. G., Adeogun O. A.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2025
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vol. 59
239-249
EN
The liver is an organ crucial for maintaining and regulating the body’s homeostasis, however, this can be altered due to damage or dysfunction caused by environmental pollutants. The Bryophyllum pinnatum (Family: Crassulaceae) leaf has been traditionally used by the Yoruba people of South Western Nigeria to manage poisonings for many years. This study seeks to explore the protective effects of Bryophyllum pinnatum crude extracts against butylglycol- induced liver damage in albino rats. Twenty albino rats were divided into four groups of five. Group A received only distilled water (Negative control), Group B was given butyl glycol only (Positive control), Group C received the crude extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum, and Group D was administered both butyl glycol and the crude extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum. Phytochemical analysis, micronucleus assays, and enzyme assays (Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and Aspartate Amino Transferase (AST)) were conducted. The phytochemical analysis identified anthraquinone, saponin, terpenoid, tannin, alkaloid, flavonoid, cardiac glycoside, and reducing sugar in amounts of 10.5±0.40, 8.24±0.01, 0.13±0.03, 80.5±0.39, 13.6±0.01, 25.8±0.33, 14.8±0.66, and 20.8±0.27 mg/100g, respectively, while the micronucleus assay revealed a significantly elevated induction of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in Group B (20.4±1.14 mPCEs/1000 PCEs) compared to Group A (1.0±0.71 mPMs/1000 cells), p<0.05. The highest levels of ALP and AST were found in Group B (531.81±10.6 U/L; 175.83±2.48 U/L), while Group A showed the lowest levels (174.28±1.19 U/L; 61.29±1.78 U/L), p<0.05. In conclusion, the crude extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum may help to modulate and decrease butylglycol-induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats, supporting its traditional use for related ailments. However, it is important to establish and promote a dose-dependent relationship during administration.
5
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Characterization and Application of Activated Carbon from African Star Apple (Chrysophyllum albidum G.Don) Seed Testa in the Adsorption of Eosin Red (ER) from Industrial Wastewater

76%
Idowu D. A., Umoren O. D., Ibraheem K. S., Osifeso O. O., Nzereogu I. J., Akinbola S. A., Durodola T. A.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2025
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vol. 60
455-465
EN
Wastewater from textile industries is often discharged into the environment, negatively impacting both aquatic and terrestrial life, as well as the aesthetic value of the surroundings. This research evaluates the activated carbon from star apple seed testa and its application in removing the cationic dye eosin red from wastewater. The Langmuir and Freundlich models were employed to evaluate the adsorption isotherms. The results indicate that adsorption efficiency increases with longer contact time and higher adsorbent doses, while it decreases with higher adsorbent concentration. Furthermore, the adsorption of eosin red dye by the activated carbon prepared from star apple seed testa follows the Freundlich isotherm model, indicating that the surface of the adsorbent is heterogeneous.
6
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Elemental Levels, Multivariate Statistic and Toxicological Hazards of Ground and Surface Water Surrounding an Open Dumpsite

76%
Osifeso O. O., Umoren O. D., Lanre-Iyanda Y. A., Olanrewaju B. B., Ibitokun O. R., Ogunsanya B. G.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2025
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vol. 59
384-397
EN
Water is an essential component of life with a wide range of uses, the mismanagement and the lack of monitoring as posed a lot of reduction on the water quality. The study aims to evaluate the level of elements and the possible health risk in water around an open dumpsite. Water samples were collected from wells, streams and boreholes surrounding the site in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. Acid Digestions was done using 20 ml conc. HNO3 acid solution. Elemental estimation was carried out using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer. Result showed that the level of element in the water sources were lower than the WHO standards except for Fe (0.85 mg/L) which is higher (0.30 mg/L). Pearson correlation revealed that Ca, Na and Mn had a significant positive relationship while and factor analysis reviewed four components with the component 1, having 36% variance and strong loading with Ca, Na and Mn. Hazard Index (HI) values show a downward pattern of P b> Cr > Cd.>Ni > Mn > Ag > Zn and Cr > Cd> Ag > Ni > Mn > Pb > Zn for adults and children respectively which were less than 1. This indicated no significant hazard effect on the population making use of the water. The carcinogenic risk of Pb and Cr for the population was less than the described limit of 1×10-6 which indicates a negligible carcinogenic risk to the human population. The study shows that the water sources around the open dumpsite posed no hazardous effect on the residents utilizing the water sources for domestic purposes.
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