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Application of chemometrics to identifying solid fuels and their origin

100%
Sajdak M.
Open Chemistry
|
2013
|
vol. 11
|
issue 2
151-159
EN
The aim of this work was to implement a chemometric analysis to detect the relationships between the analysed variables in samples of solid fuels. Efforts are being made to apply chemometrics methods in environmental issues by developing methods for the rapid assessment of solid fuels and their compliance with the required emission characteristics regulations. In the present investigation, two clustering techniques-hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and principal components analysis (PCA)-are used to obtain the linkage between solid fuel properties and the type of sample. These analyses allowed us to detect the relationships between the studied parameters of the investigated solid fuels. Furthermore, the usefulness of chemometrics methods for identification of the origin of biofuels is shown. These methods will enable control of the degree of contamination. [...]
2
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Chemometric analysis of heavy metal content for various environmental matrices in terms of their use in biomass thermal processing

63%
Sajdak M., Pieszko C.
Open Chemistry
|
2012
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vol. 10
|
issue 5
1696-1706
EN
Chemometric analysis was performed to determine the heavy metal content, such as Zn, Cd, Ni, Mn, Cu, Pb, and Fe, in 36 samples of Scots Pine taken from 9 locations within the Upper Silesian Industrial Basin. The samples, after being pre-processed, were examined for the above elements through the use of atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The highest concentration of heavy metals was discovered in samples from Jaworzno. Based on the concentration assessment, the relationship between element quantity, sampling location, and matrix type has been determined, and definite element group co-existence has been confirmed and described. [...]
3
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C&RT model application in classification of biomass for energy production and environmental protection

63%
Sajdak M., Piotrowski O.
Open Chemistry
|
2013
|
vol. 11
|
issue 2
259-270
EN
Biomass is most often used to produce energy via its combustion and co-combustion along with conventional energy carriers. The prevalence of this method results from the lack of sufficient facilities that can provide a quick and simple chemical classification method, which would show a broader range of possible applications of biofuel in the energy industry. The aim of this study was the development of novel method of classification allowing for quick determine of the direction of the biomass usage by applying classification and regression models of trees (C&RTs). The proper functioning of a C&RT model is based on a very large database of results collected by the Institute for Chemical Processing of Coal during years of work in this field. The created model may be used as decision tool for grouping various biomass sources with respect to their further application in energy generation. [...]
4
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Selection of mineralised methods to analyse different types of matrices. Applying the Box-Cox transformation to chemometrics study the coexistence of heavy metals in natural samples

63%
Sajdak M., Pieszko C.
Open Chemistry
|
2013
|
vol. 11
|
issue 4
610-618
EN
Chemometric methods are mostly used to optimise technological processes and analytical procedures. Applying chemometric methods in environmental tests may reveal relationships among chemical elements in biomes. Cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) are very helpful for detecting relationships among studied parameters. However, large amounts of data may have a negative effect on this analysis and can lead to misinterpretation of the results. This situation was observed when the samples, taken from several places in the Silesian Province, were used to test the relationship between heavy metals contained in various environmental matrices. Samples were collected from a small area and were characterised by a single biome (pine forest) because direct interpretation of PCA and CA was insufficient to correctly describe such data. The solution to this problem was the use of the Box-Cox transformation, which is a rapid method to normalise input data. [...] The application of chemometric tools enabled the relationships between sampling sites (industrialised and non-industrialised) to be examined and was very helpful in illustrating the relationship between the methodologies of plant preparation samples. Furthermore, the results may indicate the need for further data analysis. The tools described in this paper can be useful for choosing the optimal mineralisation method according to the type of test matrix.
5
Content available remote

Chemometric Analysis of Heavy Metals Coexistence in Different Plant Matrices in The Upper Silesian Industrial District / Analiza Chemometryczna Metali Ciężkich Pochodzących Z Różnych Matryc Roślinnych Z Terenów Górnośląskiego Okręgu Przemysłowego

63%
Pieszko C., Sajdak M.
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S
|
2013
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vol. 20
|
issue 1
79-91
EN
Contents of Zn, Cd, Ni, Mn, Cu, Pb and Fe in 36 samples of Scots pine collected in 9 sites located in the Upper Silesia Province have been determined using AAS technique. The samples were digested before the analysis. On the basis of cluster analysis the existence of links between the quantitative composition, the sampling sites and the type of the matrix have been found. The coexistence of certain groups of elements was found and described.
PL
Oszacowano stężenia Zn, Cd, Ni, Mn, Cu, Pb, Fe, w 36 próbkach sosny zwyczajnej pobranych w 9 punktach umieszczonych na terenie województwa śląskiego. Mineralizaty były badane na zawartość wyżej wymienionych pierwiastków przy zastosowaniu AAS. Największe stężenie oznaczanych analitów stwierdzono w Jaworznie. Na podstawie analizy skupień stwierdzono istnienie powiązań pomiędzy składem ilościowym a miejscami pobrania próbek oraz typem matrycy, a także stwierdzono i opisano współwystępowanie obok siebie określonych grup pierwiastków
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