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The Effect of 12-week-long Nordic Walking Exercise on Body Composition, Changes in Lipid and Carbohydrate Metabolism Indices, Concentration of Selected Adipokines and Calcidiol in Healthy Middle-aged Women

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Tota Ł., Pilch W., Piotrowska A., Pałka T., Pilch P.
Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine
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2017
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vol. 20
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issue 4
69-80
EN
Research objective. This study aimed at analysing the changes in the level of somatic indicators, the secretion profile of selected adipokines, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism indices and calcidiol concentration after a 12-week-long nordic walking (NW) exercise in middle-aged women. Research material and methods. The study included 13 women aged 45.5±4.2 years who participated in a 12-week-long NW exercise, 3 times a week, 90 minutes each. Each of the women had individually determined workout intensity zones which were monitored based on the heart rate. Prior to the exercise programme and after it, somatic traits were assessed and blood was sampled in order to make biochemical analyses. Results. In the examined women, a decrease in mean body weight by 2.5 kg and a reduction in fat mass (FM), on average by 3.8 kg (i.e. 4.6%), coupled with an increase in lean body mass (LBM) by 1.3 kg, were observed after 36 workout units. A significant decrease in TC, LDL-C and TG concentrations and no changes in HDL-C concentration occurred after the exercise, which contributed to lowered atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and atherosclerosis risk index (ARI). Conclusions. Individualised and regular physical activity in the form of NW had a protective effect on the body, resulting in improved body composition, adiponectin secretion profile, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, and calcidiol concentration in middle-aged women.
2
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Impact of vigorous effort on blood morphological indicators in triathletes participating in the XTERRA Poland 2017 competition

100%
Teległów A., Borowiec R., Marchewka J., Tota Ł., Mucha D.
Medical Rehabilitation
|
2020
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vol. 24(2)
20-26
PL
Cel: Celem pracy jest uzyskanie odpowiedzi w jaki sposób udział w triathlonie XTERRA POLAND 2017 wpłynął na wskaźniki morfologii krwi. Materiał i metody: Badanie przeprowadzono w grupie 10 triathlonistóww wieku 30-40 lat. Krew pobrano 24 godziny przed zawodami, bezpośrednio po zawodach oraz 16 godzin po zakończeniu zawodów. Wykonano oznaczenia wskaźników morfologicznych krwi u triathlonistów w aparacie ABX MICROS 60. Wyniki: Analizując wyniki pomiędzy pierwszym pomiarem (24 godzin przed zawodami) a pomiarem drugim (bezpośrednio po zawodach) i trzecim pomiarem (16 godzin po) zaobserwowano zmiany istotne statystycznie dla: WBC [109/L], RBC [10¹²/L], HGB [g/L], HCT [L/L], MCV [fL], PLT [109/L]. Wnioski: Stopień zaawansowania wysiłku u zawodników startujących w triatlonie XTERRA POLAND 2017 został potwierdzony w wynikach morfologii krwi. Wskaźniki morfologii krwi u osób uprawiających triathlon dobrze charakteryzują faktyczny zakres i kierunek zmian wysiłkowych oraz pozwalają na diagnostykę przejściowych skutków adaptacyjnych. Wyniki badań potwierdziły, iż intensywny wysiłek fizyczny podczas triathlonu wpłynął na zwiększenie leukocytów i płytek krwi, jednak 16 godzin po zakończeniu zawodów ich wartość była zbliżona do stanu wyjściowego. Najprawdopodobniej zjawisko to zostało spowodowane intensywnym wysiłkiem, stresem czy nawet spożyciem dużego posiłku przed zawodami. Analizując układ czerwonokrwinkowy wykazano tendencję do zmniejszania się liczby krwinek czerwonych, HGB i HCT zarówno po zawodach jak i 16 godzin po zakończeniu zawodów co wynika z nasilonej hemolizy powysiłkowej czy zagrożeniem wystąpienia anemii.
EN
Purpose: The aim of the study was to determine the influence of participation in the XTERRA Poland 2017 triathlon on blood morphology indicators. Material and methods: The study was performed in a group among 10 triathletes aged 30-40 years. Blood was collected 24 hours before, immediately after , and 16 hours after the competition. Blood morphological indicators were evaluated using the ABXMicros60 analyser. Results: Comparison of the results among the first (24 hours before the competition), second (immediately after the competition), and third assessment (16 hours after the competition) revealed statistically significant changes for WBC [109/l], RBC [1012/l], HGB [g/l], HCT [l/l], MCV [fl] and PLT [109/l]. Conclusions: The intensity of effort in the XTERRA Poland 2017 triathlon competitors was confirmed in the results of blood morphology. Blood counts in those practicing triathlon well characterise the actual scope and direction of exercise changes and allow for the diagnosis of transient adaptive effects. The results of the research confirmed that vigorous physical effort during the triathlon increased leukocyte and platelet counts, but 16 hours after completing the competition, their value was close to baseline level. Most likely, this phenomenon was caused by the intense effort, stress or even eating a large meal before the competition. Analysing the red blood cell system showed a tendency towards decrease in the number of red blood cells, HGB and HCT both after the competition and 16 hours after its completion, which results from increased post-exercise haemolysis or the risk of anaemia.
3
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The changes in running economy during puberty in overweight and normal weight boys

86%
Maciejczyk M., Gradek J., Szymura J., Cempla J., Więcek M., Tota Ł.
Biomedical Human Kinetics
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2015
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vol. 7
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issue 1
EN
Study aim: running economy (RE) is important indicator of endurance performance. During puberty dynamic changes in body composition and function are observed, as such RE is also expected to change. The aim of the study was to compare the running economy (RE) in overweight and normoweight boys during a running exercise performed with constant velocity, and the assessment of changes in RE during puberty. Material and methods: the RE of the subjects was evaluated twice: at the age of 11–12 and two years later. 18 overweight and 17 normal weight boys performed a graded test and a week later a submaximal run on a mechanical treadmill. During the exercise, physiological variables (oxygen uptake, heart rate, pulmonary ventilation, tidal volume and breathing frequency) were measured. Results: the intensity of work in both tests (%VO2max, %HRmax) was significantly higher in the overweight boys and decreased with age (non significantly) in both groups. The physiological response during the run in the overweight boys was significantly higher compared to normal weight. When the oxygen uptake was expressed as VO2.BM–0.75, the RE was similar in normal weight and overweight boys. During puberty, the inter-group differences in the metabolic cost of work stay at a relatively stable level. Conclusions: the lowered endurance performance in the overweight boys during puberty remains unchanged. The changes in physiological variables during puberty in both groups occurred in a similar way – the body composition did not influence the course of these changes in puberty.
4
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Changes in Endurance Performance in Young Athletes During Two Training Seasons

86%
Tota Ł., Maciejczyk M., Pokora I., Cempla J., Pilch W., Pałka T.
Journal of Human Kinetics
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2015
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vol. 49
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issue 1
149-158
EN
The aim of the study was to assess changes in endurance performance in young runners (females and males) during two training seasons. It involved 19 male and 16 female athletes aged 15-17 specializing in track-and-field middle and long distances runs. The following parameters were measured three times during the training season: maximal oxygen uptake, running economy, and the level of the second ventilatory threshold. Training volume and intensity during each season were analyzed within an 8-week period prior to the exercise tests. The volume and intensity of training at various stages of preparation in both seasons were similar. During the first year of observation, significant improvements in relative volume of maximal oxygen uptake were reported both in female and male athletes. During the second training season, it was found that running economy improved both in women and men, with no changes in maximal oxygen uptake. The same (in terms of volume and intensity) endurance training carried out with young runners during two consecutive training seasons can result in different training effects.
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