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EN
We discuss a few models developed for description of superconductivity with very short coherence length and point out their formal equivalence to specific spin models, such as an anisotropic Heisenberg model (s = 1/2) with two- and four-spin exchange coupling and with fixed magnetization in the z-direction, an XY-Z model with single ion anisotropy and a Kondo-lattice model with anisotropic on-site exchange. New results concerning the phase diagram of the Hubbard model with strong attraction, the electromagnetic properties of systems with the first order superconducting transition and a possibility of local charge moment compensation in systems of coexisting bound pairs and itinerant electrons are presented.
EN
We analyze the extended Hubbard model with pair-hopping interaction J, i.e. the Penson-Kolb-Hubbard model, in the case of repulsive J (J < 0) within the (broken symmetry) Hartree-Fock approximation. We focus our study on the effects of on-site U interaction on the mutual stability of magnetic, charge-ordered, and superconducting states including the eta-pairing phase, i.e. the state with the Cooper-pair center-of-mass momentum q=Q. The ground state phase diagrams are obtained for arbitrary particle concentration n on nonfrustrated d=2 square lattice.
EN
We study the ground state phase diagrams of the extended Hubbard model with the pair-hopping interaction J, i.e. the Penson-Kolb-Hubbard model. We concentrate on the case of attractive J (J > 0) which can stabilise s-wave pairing superconductivity in the system and competes with the on-site repulsive U. The evolution of the phase diagrams and order parameters for arbitrary electron density and representative values of the interaction parameters are analyzed within the (broken symmetry) Hartree-Fock approximation. The calculations are performed for the case of nearest-neighbors electron hopping t on the d=2 square lattice.
EN
We have studied a simple effective model of charge ordered insulators. The tight binding Hamiltonian consists of the effective on-site interaction U and the intersite density-density interaction W_{ij} (both: nearest-neighbor and next-nearest-neighbor). In the analysis of the phase diagrams and thermodynamic properties of this model we have adopted the variational approach, which treats the on-site interaction term exactly and the intersite interactions within the mean-field approximation. Our investigations of the general case (as a function of the electron concentration n) have shown that the system exhibits various critical behaviors including among others bicritical, tricritical, critical-end, and isolated critical points. In this report we concentrate on the metastable phases and transitions between them. One finds that the first- and second order transitions between metastable phases can exist in the system. These transitions occur in the neighborhood of first as well as second order transitions between stable phases. For the case of on-site attraction the regions of metastable homogeneous phases occurrence inside the ranges of phase separated states stability have been also determined.
EN
We examine the phase separation effects in a class of models developed for description of superconductors with local electron pairing: (i) the extended attractive Hubbard model, (ii) the model of hard-core charged bosons on a lattice. We analyse the behaviour of various superfluid characteristics as well as the evolution of the phase diagrams with increasing external magnetic field.
EN
The electron orderings of the half-filled extended Hubbard models (i) with anisotropic spin-exchange interactions (the t-U-J_ǁ-J_⊥ model) and (ii) with charge-exchange interaction (the t-U-I model) are discussed. In particular, we present new results concerning the phase diagrams of the model (i) in the case of uniaxial spin exchange (J_ǁ≢0) for d-dimensional hypercubic lattices (1≤d≤∞) and conclude about the basic effects of the particular spin- and charge-exchange interaction terms (J_ǁ, J_⊥, and I) in both models.
EN
Two-dimensional (d=2) Penson-Kolb model, i.e. the tight-binding model with the pair-hopping (intersite charge exchange) interaction, is considered and the effects of phase fluctuations on the s-wave superconductivity of this system are discussed within the Kosterlitz-Thouless scenario. The London penetration depth λ at T=0, the Kosterlitz-Thouless critical temperature T_c, and the Hartree-Fock approximation critical temperature T_p are determined as a function of particle concentration and interaction. The Uemura type plots (T_c vs.λ^{-2}(0)) are derived. Beyond weak coupling and for low concentrations they show the existence of universal scaling: T_c ~1/λ^2(0), as it was previously found for the attractive Hubbard model and for the models with intersite electron pairing.
EN
The properties of a system of coexisting local pairs and itinerant electrons described by the (hard-core) boson-fermion model are discussed. For the first time we include into analysis of the model not only the superconducting and non-ordered (normal) states but also the charge density wave phases as well as the so-called charge Kondo state. Within an extended mean-field approximation, a mutual stability of charge density wave, superconducting and charge Kondo states are determined at T = 0 in the case of half-filled fermionic and bosonic bands.
EN
We study two effective models developed for description of superconductors with short-coherence length: (i) the extended Hubbard model with on-site attraction and intersite repulsion, (ii) the model of hard-core charged bosons on a lattice. The analysis is concentrated on the problem of phase separations and competition between superconductivity (SS) and charge-density-wave (CDW) orderings. The phase diagrams of the systems are shown to consist of at least seven different states, including 3 types of phase separated (PS) states: CDW-SS (PS1), CDW-normal (PS2) and the state of electron droplets (PS3). By taking into account the PS states and the effects of longer-range density-density interactions (beyond nearest neighbors) our paper substantially generalizes and modifies the conclusions of previous papers concerning the models considered.
EN
We study the extended Hubbard model with on-site density-density U and intersite pair hopping J interactions, i.e. the Penson-Kolb-Hubbard model. This report focuses mainly on the properties of the model at T ≥q 0 in the case of repulsive J (J < 0) which may stabilize superconductivity with η-pairing. The analysis is performed within the (broken symmetry) Hartree-Fock approximation for arbitrary interaction parameters (J < 0 and U) and electron concentration (0 < n < 2) on the d = 2 square lattice. The phase diagrams of the model at T=0 and at finite temperatures are examined taking into account magnetic and charge-ordered phases and superconducting states with η- and s-wave pairing.
EN
The Penson-Kolb-Hubbard model, i.e. the Hubbard model with the pair-hopping interaction J is studied. We focus on the properties of the superconducting state with the Cooper-pair center-of-mass momentum q= Q (η-phase). The transition into theη-phase, which is favorized by the repulsive J (J<0) is found to occur only above some critical value |J_c|, dependent on band filling, on-site interaction U and band structure, and the system never exhibits standard BCS-like features. This is in obvious contrast with the properties of the isotropic s-wave state, stabilized by the attractive J and attractive U, which exhibit at T=0 a smooth crossover from the BCS-like limit to that of tightly bound pairs with increasing pairing strength.
EN
We study the phase diagrams and thermodynamic properties of a system of coexisting wide-band current carriers (c-particles) and narrow-band electrons (d-electrons) which can form local pairs. There are two distinct mechanisms of superconductivity in the model considered: (i) the intersubsystem charge exchange, which leads to the superconducting state involving both types of electrons and (ii) the pair hopping interaction of d-electrons, leading to the superconducting state of d-particles only. In contrast to previous works on the subject, we assume an arbitrary value of on-site density interaction of d-electrons U, which allows us to study the effects of reduced d-pair binding energy. Within the approach in which the U term is exactly treated we determine the evolution of superconducting properties as a function of interactions and relative position of the bands. In a definite range of parameters the system shows features which are intermediate between those of a local pair superconductor and those of a classical BCS model. The increasing on-site Coulomb repulsion U competing with the intersubsystem charge exchange and the pair hopping interaction reduces the superconducting critical temperature. Moreover, it can induce a change of the superconducting transition into the first order one. Above a critical value of U, dependent on concentration of electrons and other interactions, the superconducting state cannot be stable at any temperature.
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EN
We study superconducting properties of the Penson-Kolb model, i.e. the tight-binding model with the pair-hopping (intersite charge exchange) interaction J. The evolution of the critical fields, the coherence length, the Ginzburg ratio, and the London penetration depth with particle concentration n and pairing strength are determined. The results are compared with those found earlier for the attractive Hubbard model.
EN
We analyse the ground state phase diagrams of the charge orderings in narrow band materials using two effective models: (1) the spinless fermion model (t - W) with repulsive intersite interaction (W_{ij} > 0) and (2) the molecular crystal model with the coupling of electrons to intramolecular (crystal field) vibrations. We present results for the case of half filled bands for d = 2 square lattice. The calculations are performed within the (broken symmetry) Hartree-Fock approximation. The study takes into consideration the effects of frustrating next-nearest-neighbour hopping (t_2) on the charge ordered states in these systems. We focus on the two cases: (i) homogeneous phases and phase separations involving checkerboard charge ordering with the nesting vector Q= (π,π) only and (ii) homogeneous phases and phase separations involving two types of charge ordering: (a) checkerboard charge ordering with the nesting vector Q = (π,π), and (b) collinear (CL) charge ordering with Q = (0,π) or Q = (π,0).
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EN
In this work we focus on the study of phase separation in the zero-bandwidth extended Hubbard with nearest-neighbors intersite Ising-like magnetic interactions J and on-site Coulomb interactions U. The system has been analyzed by means of the Monte Carlo simulations (in the grand canonical ensemble) on two-dimensional square lattice (with N = L × L = 400 sites) and the results for U/(4J) = 2 as a function of chemical potential and electron concentration have been obtained. Depending on the values of interaction parameters the system exhibits homogeneous (anti-)ferromagnetic or non-ordered phase as well as phase separation state. Transitions between homogeneous phases (i.e. antiferromagnetic-non-ordered transitions) can be of first or second order and the tricritical point is also present on the phase diagrams. The electron compressibility K is an indicator of the phase separation and that quantity is of particular interest of this paper.
EN
The extended Hubbard model in the zero-bandwidth limit is studied. The effective Hamiltonian consists of (i) on-site U interaction, (ii) intersite density-density interaction W, and (iii) Ising-like magnetic exchange interaction J between the nearest-neighbors. We present rigorous (and analytical) results obtained within the transfer-matrix method for 1D chain in two particular cases: (a) W=0 and n=1; (b) U → +∞ and n=1/2 (W ≠ 0, J ≠ 0). We obtain the exact formulae for the partition functions which enables to calculate thermodynamic properties such as entropy, specific heat (c), and double occupancy per site. In both cases the system exhibits an interesting temperature dependence of c involving a characteristic two-peak structure. There are no phase transitions at finite temperatures and the only transitions occur in the ground state.
EN
A simple effective model of charge ordered and (or) magnetically ordered insulators is studied. The tight binding Hamiltonian analyzed consists of (i) the effective on-site interaction U, (ii) the intersite density-density interaction W and (iii) intersite magnetic exchange interaction J^{z} (or J^{xy}) between nearest-neighbors. The intersite interaction are treated within the mean-field approximation. One shows that the systems considered can exhibit very interesting multicritical behaviors, including among others bicritical, tricritical, tetracritical and critical end points. The analysis of the model has been performed for an arbitrary electron concentration as well as an arbitrary chemical potential in the limit of strong on-site repulsion (U → +∞). The phase diagrams obtained in such a case are shown to consist of at least 9 different states, including four homogeneous phases: nonordered (NO), ferromagnetic (F), charge ordered (CO), ferrimagnetic (intermediate, I) and five types of phase separation: NO-NO, F-NO, F-F, CO-F, CO-I.
EN
In this report we have analyzed a simple effective model for a description of magnetically ordered insulators. The Hamiltonian considered consists of the effective on-site interaction (U) and the intersite Ising-like magnetic exchange interaction (J) between nearest neighbors. For the first time the phase diagrams of this model have been determined within Monte Carlo simulation on 2D-square lattice. They have been compared with results obtained within variational approach, which treats the on-site term exactly and the intersite interactions within mean-field approximation. We show within both approaches that, depending on the values of interaction parameters and the electron concentration, the system can exhibit not only homogeneous phases: (anti-)ferromagnetic (F) and nonordered (NO), but also phase separated states (PS: F-NO).
EN
A simple effective model of charge ordered insulators is studied. The tight binding Hamiltonian consists of the effective on-site interaction U and the intersite density-density interactions W_{ij} (both: nearest-neighbour and next-nearest neighbour). In the analysis of the phase diagrams we have adopted the variational approach, which treats the on-site interaction term exactly and the intersite interactions within the mean-field approximation. The phase separated states have not been taken into account in previous analyses. Our investigations of two cases of the on-site interaction: attraction (U/(- W_{Q}) = - 10) and repulsion (U/(- W_{Q}) = 1.1) show that, depending on the values of the next-nearest neighbour attraction, the system can exhibit not only homogeneous phases: charge ordered and nonordered, but also various phase separated states (charge ordered-nonordered, charge ordered-charge ordered).
EN
A simple effective model for a description of magnetically ordered insulators is analysed. The tight binding Hamiltonian consists of the effective on-site interaction (U) and intersite magnetic exchange interactions (J^{z}, J^{xy}) between nearest neighbours. The phase diagrams of this model have been determined within the variational approach, which treats the on-site interaction term exactly and the intersite interactions within the mean-field approximation. We show that, depending on the values of interaction parameters and the electron concentration, the system can exhibit not only homogeneous phases: (anti-)ferromagnetic (F_α) and nonordered (NO), but also phase separated states (PS_α: F_α-NO).
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