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Serum tumor markers: CEA, CA 19-9, AFP, TPS may be helpful in early diagnosis of colorectal cancer, in the initial assesment of the extent of the disease, and in monitoring of the tumor growth or tumor volume reduction once cancer has been diagnosed and treatment started. Recent studies have focused on a new substances (candidates for tumour markers) of colorectal cancer.
EN
Serum tumour markers may be helpful in early diagnosis of lung cancer, in the initial assesment of the extent of the disease, and in monitoring of the tumour growth or tumour volume reduction, once cancer has been diagnosed and treatment started. Recent studies have focused especially ? cytokines as a new group of tumour markers.
EN
The diagnosis of acute pancreatitis is usually confirmed by a significant increase of the serum amylase and/or lipase level. However, serum pancreatic elastase?1 (pEla-1) was found to be a more sensitive diagnostic marker in acute pancreatitis (AP), when assayed by RIA procedure. We analysed the serum concentration of pancreatic elastase-1, measured by ELISA technique in 46 patients with acute pancreatitis and in the control group of 12 healthy volunteers. At admission (day 1) we found significantly higher pEla-1 level in patients with AP when compared to the control group. During the following days, the concentration of pEla-1 rapidly decreased nearly to undetectable value on the third day. There was no significant difference between patients with mild and severe AP and according to aetiology. We suggest that pEla-1 has a little diagnostic value and does not provide additional information to that of cheaper and more widely available serum amylase and lipase.
EN
Serum tumour markers may be helpful in early diagnosis of cancer, in the initial assesment of the extent of the disease, and in monitoring of the tumour growth or tumour volume reduction, once cancer has been diagnosed and treatment started. Recent studies have focused on a new family of markers ? hematopoietic cytokines.
EN
Surgical trauma is associated with depression of the immune system, which results in a high complication rate following abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair. Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and regulated-on-activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) protein are important mediators of the immune and inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is any relationship between MCP-1 or RANTES and operative injury and ischemia-reperfusion during AAA surgery in human. Peripheral blood samples were taken from 12 patients before surgery, after anesthesia induction, before unclamping of aorta (PreXoff), 90 min after unclamping (90minXoff), and at 24 and 48 h after surgery. The MCP-1 and RANTES serum concentrations were measured with the ELISA technique. MCP-1 concentration significantly increased after reperfusion (90minXoff) in comparison with the PreXoff level (p=0.001). Twenty-four hours after AAA repair, MCP-1 significantly decreased 269?225 pg/ml (p=0.005) and reached preoperative value. RANTES level was higher in AAA patients before surgery than in controls (p=0.025) and decreased significantly after ischemia-reperfusion to 13 ng/ml (p< 0.001) at 90minXoff. We showed increases in RANTES concentration to 26 ng/ml on the 1st and to 31 ng/ml on the 2nd day after surgery (p=0.020, p=0.012, respectively) compared with the 90minXoff level. Ischemia-reperfusion during AAA repair results in an increase in MCP-1 and decrease in RANTES concentrations in serum. The changes in chemokine concentrations may influence the development of immunosuppression after AAA repair, contributing to the postoperative course.
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