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EN
The paper presents a comparison of central processing unit (CPU) and graphics processing unit (GPU) performance in sound synthesis based on physical modeling. The goal was to achieve real-time performance with two- and three-dimensional finite difference (FD) instrument models. Two abstract instruments, a membrane and a block, were modeled and tested using a CPU and a GPU in the OpenCL framework to find a threshold of real-time model size. Two different algorithms were compared. With a parallelized algorithm, a middle-class GPU outperformed a top-class CPU by factor of 2.5 in 2D and by factor of 7.5 in 3D model. Synchronization issues in parallel GPU calculations were discussed and addressed. The results show that GPUs can significantly speed up real-time musical instrument simulations, allowing for developing more complex and realistic models.
EN
Providing appropriate sound field parameters in the listening area is very important. It often determines the possibilities of being able to use a facility. Assuming that the sound system is a linear object, it can be described by the impulse response. Unfortunately, it is not possible to designate a single impulse response for such a facility because it is a continuous system. Thus each path between the transmitter and the receiver has its own impulse response. Therefore, the authors have made an attempt to synthesize the impulse response for transmitter-receiver paths with suitable parameters of the sound field in the neighbourhood of the receivers. A technical implementation of the presented synthesis will take place through introduction of additional sources. An experimental determination of the impulse response is relatively simple. The transient response can be numerically determined by using, for example, the finite element method or the boundary element method. Unfortunately, determining the impulse response through simulation of, e.g., planned objects, is much more difficult due to the high computational cost and the lack of precise data on the properties of the materials. For this reason, the authors used an energetic analogue of the impulse response, the echogram.
EN
The paper presents an original method for sound reinforcement in open areas. The method enabled both a regular sound reinforcement and the required spatial impressions of sound to be achieved in the area used for the study. The inverse image source method was used for the disposition of sound sources in order to find the inverse problem solution for determining the configuration of additional sound sources. Simulations demonstrated the improvement of sound impressions in the area in question and the simulations results were verified experimentally. The intended result of the proposed method was the increase of the lateral energy fraction and lateral energy fraction coefficient parameter values by 6 and 8 points, respectively, for the simulation by 5 and 7 points for the experiment. It should be stated that, in both the simulation and the experiment, eligible values for the acoustic parameters were obtained after using the sound system with additional sound sources, the speech intelligibility value parameters remain at an excellent level. In conclusion, it may be claimed that the proposed sound reinforcement system makes the creation of the intended spatial sound impressions in an open area possible.
EN
Determining of Kraków Opera House's basic acoustics parameters by using numerical simulations is presented in the paper. Parameters have been obtained by using numerical simulation methods. Sound sources have been created by means of FEA, however acoustic field distributions have been analysed by geometrical methods. Apart from the room parameters definition, it is necessary to determine sound source parameters like acoustic power level and directivity pattern. In the simplest case, the sound source can be assumed as omni-directional point source. However it does not reflect most real-live sources precisely. When the literature and databases do not contain any information about the sound source directivity pattern, it can be obtained numerically using FEA. First, the sound source model is created, and then results from its spherical boundary are used to define the source in a program based on geometrical methods. Here have been analysed several distributions of acoustic parameters like: Direct Energy, Sound Pressure Level (SPL), Clarity index (C80) etc. The results indicate that influence of sound source directivity on acoustics parameters changes is essential.
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