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Capturing Ecology: A Brief Report of Faunistic Diversity at Daytime in a Sport Complex

100%
Umoren O. D., Muheeb S. O.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2025
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vol. 60
156-168
EN
Ecological photography is the term for pictures taken of the outside world for artistic, scientific, or monitoring objectives. This study aimed to capture the fauna encountered at the M.K.O. Abiola sport complex during the daytime. Capturing was done across all the sections of the sports complex using a smart phone (Apple iPhone 12 Pro Max). The fauna captured can be grouped into invertebrate and vertebrate organisms, which be further divided in to classes such as Insecta (Ants, Grasshoppers, Butterfly, Dragon fly, Beetles, Flies, Bee, Wasps), Arachnida (Spider), Mollusca (African giant land snail), Reptilia (Lizards and Skinks), Aves (Pigeons, Laughing doves, Cattle egrets, Domestic Chickens) and Mammalia (Domestic Goats). The variety of animal species observed during the day in sports complexes showcases the ability of these urban areas to foster biodiversity, even with significant human presence. Insects and birds constitute the bulk of the species that flourish in these settings. Effective management and the integration of biodiversity-friendly methods can improve the ecological significance of sports complexes, aiding in the sustainability of urban ecosystems.
2
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Microbial Contaminants and Aflatoxin Level in Indigenous Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus), Bologi (Senecio biafrae) and Ugwu (Telfairia occidentalis) from Two Selected Markets in Oyo State, Nigeria

81%
Oluoyeneye U. A., Oni E. O., Umoren O. D., Ogunsami N. B.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2025
|
vol. 60
195-204
EN
Farm product are majorly consumed globally, however, their level of contamination from microbes and aflatoxins from fungi species is worrisome. This study aimed to study the microbes and aflatoxin level in Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus), Ugwu (Telfairia occidentalis) and Bologi (Senecio biafrae) from two selected markets (Bodija and Ojoo) in Oyo State. Thirty (30) fresh samples of Okra, Ugwu and Bologi were purchased from the study area. Microbiological examination was carried out using standard microbiological procedures, aflatoxin quantification was assayed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography while aflatoxigenic potential of the fungal isolates was carried out on neutral red desiccated coconut agar. The result revealed the presence of six bacterial isolates (Proteus mirabilis, Micrococcus luteus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Streptococcus spp., Bacillus cereus and Salmonella sp.) and four (4) fungal isolates (Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus parasiticus, Cladosporium sp. and Rhizopus sp.) in the samples. The highest level of aflatoxin was observed in dried okra (14.000 µg/kg) from Bodija Market, while the lowest level was found in fresh Ugwu (0.001 µg/kg) from Ojoo Market. AFB1 was detected in all samples except for the fresh and dry Ugwu from Ojoo Market and the dry Ugwu from Bodija Market. Additionally, AFB2 was found in all samples. The non-aflatoxigenic fungi included Aspergillus niger found in okra from Ojoo Market, Aspergillus flavus in Ugwu from Bodija Market, and Aspergillus parasiticus in Ugwu from Ojoo Market. In contrast, Aspergillus parasiticus in okra from Bodija Market is aflatoxigenic. In conclusion, the vegetables investigated from the selected markets are contaminated with bacteria and fungi, except for Bologi, and aflatoxigenic fungus was identified in okra from Bodija Market.
3
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Heavy Metals (HMs) Concentration in Two Sections of Ogun River, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria

71%
Osifeso O. O., Umoren O. D., Akinbola M. G., Idowu D. A., Akinbola S. A.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2025
|
vol. 60
115-125
EN
Water is essential for the survival of all living beings, yet this precious resource faces growing threats due to the expanding human population and rising developmental activities. The study aimed to assess the heavy metals (HMs) Concentration in Two Sections of the Ogun River in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. Water samples were collected in triplicate from the two sections, then all water parameters were carried out using standard laboratory procedures. The findings indicated that both pH and temperature were elevated in the Alagada section, while electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solids (TDS) were higher in the Lafenwa section of the Ogun River. Moreover, the concentrations of cadmium, copper, iron, zinc, and chromium were greater in the Alagada section, whereas manganese, nickel, and lead levels were elevated in the Lafenwa section of the river. Additionally, the concentrations of cadmium, iron, chromium, manganese, nickel, and lead in both sections, along with copper in the Alagada section, exceeded the standards set by the World Health Organization (WHO). A moderately positive correlation was also identified between copper and nickel, as well as manganese and iron, suggesting that the HMs arise from a combination of natural and human-induced sources.
4
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Protective Effect of Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Oken (Miracle Leaf) Extract on Butylglycol-Induced Hepatotoxicity

71%
Osifeso O. O., Umoren O. D., Bamidele A. A., Obika C. G., Adeogun O. A.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2025
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vol. 59
239-249
EN
The liver is an organ crucial for maintaining and regulating the body’s homeostasis, however, this can be altered due to damage or dysfunction caused by environmental pollutants. The Bryophyllum pinnatum (Family: Crassulaceae) leaf has been traditionally used by the Yoruba people of South Western Nigeria to manage poisonings for many years. This study seeks to explore the protective effects of Bryophyllum pinnatum crude extracts against butylglycol- induced liver damage in albino rats. Twenty albino rats were divided into four groups of five. Group A received only distilled water (Negative control), Group B was given butyl glycol only (Positive control), Group C received the crude extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum, and Group D was administered both butyl glycol and the crude extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum. Phytochemical analysis, micronucleus assays, and enzyme assays (Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and Aspartate Amino Transferase (AST)) were conducted. The phytochemical analysis identified anthraquinone, saponin, terpenoid, tannin, alkaloid, flavonoid, cardiac glycoside, and reducing sugar in amounts of 10.5±0.40, 8.24±0.01, 0.13±0.03, 80.5±0.39, 13.6±0.01, 25.8±0.33, 14.8±0.66, and 20.8±0.27 mg/100g, respectively, while the micronucleus assay revealed a significantly elevated induction of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in Group B (20.4±1.14 mPCEs/1000 PCEs) compared to Group A (1.0±0.71 mPMs/1000 cells), p<0.05. The highest levels of ALP and AST were found in Group B (531.81±10.6 U/L; 175.83±2.48 U/L), while Group A showed the lowest levels (174.28±1.19 U/L; 61.29±1.78 U/L), p<0.05. In conclusion, the crude extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum may help to modulate and decrease butylglycol-induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats, supporting its traditional use for related ailments. However, it is important to establish and promote a dose-dependent relationship during administration.
5
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Elemental Levels, Multivariate Statistic and Toxicological Hazards of Ground and Surface Water Surrounding an Open Dumpsite

61%
Osifeso O. O., Umoren O. D., Lanre-Iyanda Y. A., Olanrewaju B. B., Ibitokun O. R., Ogunsanya B. G.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2025
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vol. 59
384-397
EN
Water is an essential component of life with a wide range of uses, the mismanagement and the lack of monitoring as posed a lot of reduction on the water quality. The study aims to evaluate the level of elements and the possible health risk in water around an open dumpsite. Water samples were collected from wells, streams and boreholes surrounding the site in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. Acid Digestions was done using 20 ml conc. HNO3 acid solution. Elemental estimation was carried out using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer. Result showed that the level of element in the water sources were lower than the WHO standards except for Fe (0.85 mg/L) which is higher (0.30 mg/L). Pearson correlation revealed that Ca, Na and Mn had a significant positive relationship while and factor analysis reviewed four components with the component 1, having 36% variance and strong loading with Ca, Na and Mn. Hazard Index (HI) values show a downward pattern of P b> Cr > Cd.>Ni > Mn > Ag > Zn and Cr > Cd> Ag > Ni > Mn > Pb > Zn for adults and children respectively which were less than 1. This indicated no significant hazard effect on the population making use of the water. The carcinogenic risk of Pb and Cr for the population was less than the described limit of 1×10-6 which indicates a negligible carcinogenic risk to the human population. The study shows that the water sources around the open dumpsite posed no hazardous effect on the residents utilizing the water sources for domestic purposes.
6
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Toxicological Risk of Exposure to Hand-Dug Wells (HDWs): Physicochemical Quality and Elemental Level

52%
Umoren O. D., Olowo S. T., Dauda S. A., Abimbola P. O., Oseh I. H., Ebite C., Ayorinde B. M., Ajulo O. O.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2025
|
vol. 60
65-76
EN
Ensuring access to safe drinking water remains a critical challenge in developing regions, particularly in areas reliant on hand-dug wells. This study evaluates the physicochemical characteristics, trace element concentrations, and associated non-carcinogenic health risks of water samples from hand-dug wells (HDWs) in selected Areas in Abeokuta South Local Government Area (LGA), Ogun State, Nigeria. Water samples were collected from seven key areas within the LGA. Physicochemical parameters were analyzed using standard methods, while trace element levels were quantified via Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The finding showed a range in temperature (24.6 – 25.2 °C), pH (5.8 – 6.8); electrical conductivity (0.852 – 1.36 μS/cm), turbidity (0.4-3.0 NTU), Salinity (0.43 – 0.64 ppm), total dissolved solids (TDS)(76 – 909 mg/L), Total Acidity (20 – 66mg/L), total hardness (112 – 284 mg/L), chloride ion (74 – 134 mg/L), nitrate ion (3.0 – 43.6 mg/L), phosphate ion (0.22 – 4.93 mg/L), sulphate ion ( 22 – 95 mg/L) and dissolved oxygen (DO) (0 – 1.67 mg/L). Total dissolved solid (TDS), TH and Nitrate ions in 71.4, 100 and 85.7% of the HDW respectively were above the WHO standards (<500, 100 and 5.0 mg/L). The Fe, Mn, Ag, Na and Zn levels are 0.89, 0.429, 0.006, 9.63 and 0.365 mg/L respectively. The levels of Cd and Ni were not detected or below the detectable limits across the HDWs. Toxic elements such as Mn and Ag are high in all the hand-dug wells and Kuto respectively compared to the WHO standard. Toxicological risk assessment indicated that the HI <1, suggesting that the people making use of the HDW are at a non-significant non-cancer risk on exposure. In conclusion, the study highlights the urgent need for water treatment interventions to ensure the safety and acceptability of water usage from the hand-dug wells.
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