Full-text resources of PSJD and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl
Preferences help
enabled [disable] Abstract
Number of results

Results found: 16

Number of results on page
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
EN
Erythrocyte destruction in laminar (Couette) flow was investigated. Critical values of the shear stress for ovine erythrocytes from two donors were determined. Large individual differences between erythrocytes from the two donors suggest that individual determination of shear stress resistance for each donor is necessary, and that the determination of shear stress resistance might be of diagnostic value.
EN
A cDNA microarray (18 263 probes) was used for transcriptome analysis of bovine skeletal muscle (m. semitendinosus) in 12-month-old bulls of the beef breed Limousin (LIM) and the typical dairy breed Holstein-Friesian (HF, used as a reference). We aimed to identify the genes whose expression may reflect the muscle phenotype of beef bulls. A comparison of muscle transcriptional profiles revealed significant differences in expression of 393 genes between HF and LIM. We classified biological functions of 117 genes with over 2-fold differences in expression between the examined breeds. Among them, 72 genes were up-regulated and 45 genes were down-regulated in LIM vs. HF. The genes were involved in protein metabolism and modifications (22 genes), signal transduction (15), nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism (13), cell cycle (9), cell structure and motility (9), developmental processes (9), intracellular protein traffic (7), cell proliferation and differentiation (6), cell adhesion (6), lipid, fatty acid and steroid metabolism (5), transport (5), and other processes. For the purpose of microarray data validation, we randomly selected 4 genes: trip12, mrps30, pycrl, and c-erbb3. Real-time RT-PCR results showed similar trends in gene expression changes as those observed in microarray studies. Basing on results of the present study, we proposed a model of the regulation of skeletal muscle growth and differentiation, with a principal role of the somatotropic pathway. It may explain at least in part the development of muscle phenotype in LIM bulls. We assume that the growth hormone directly or indirectly (through IGF-1) activates the calcium-signaling pathway with calcineurin, which stimulates myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) and inhibits early growth response gene. The inhibition results in indirect activation of MRFs and impaired activation of TGF-beta1 and myostatin, which finally facilitates terminal muscle differentiation.
EN
Myostatin (GDF-8) is a key protein responsible for skeletal muscle growth and development, thus mutations in the mstn gene can have major economic and breeding consequences. The aim of the present study was to investigate myostatin gene expression and transcriptional profile in skeletal muscle of Holstein-Friesian (Black-and-White) bulls carrying a polymorphism in the 5'-flanking region of the mstn gene (G/C transversion at position -7828). Real-time qRT-PCR and cDNA microarray revealed significantly lower mstn expression in muscle of bulls with the CC genotype, as compared to GG and GC genotypes. The direct comparison of skeletal muscle transcriptional profiles between the CC genotype and GG and GC genotypes resulted in identification of genes, of which at least some can be putative targets for myostatin. Using cDNA microarray, we identified 43 common genes (including mstn) with significantly different expression in skeletal muscle of bulls with the CC genotype, as compared to GG and GC genotypes, 15 of which were upregulated and 28 were downregulated in the CC genotype. Classification of molecular function of differentially expressed genes revealed the highest number of genes involved in the expression of cytoskeleton proteins (9), extracellular matrix proteins (4), nucleic acid-binding proteins (4), calcium-binding proteins (4), and transcription factors (4). The biological functions of the largest number of genes involved: protein metabolism and modification (10), signal transduction (10), cell structure (8), and developmental processes (8). The main identified signaling pathways were: Wnt (4), chemokines and cytokines (4), integrin (4), nicotine receptor for acetylocholine (3), TGF-beta (2), and cytoskeleton regulation by Rho GTPase (2). We identified previously unrecognized putatively myostatin-dependent genes, encoding transcription factors (EGR1, Nf1b, ILF1), components of the proteasomal complex (PSMB7, PSMD13) and proteins with some other molecular function in skeletal muscle (ITGB1BP3, Pla2g1b, ISYNA1, TNFAIP6, MST1, TNNT1, CALB3, CACYBP, and CTNNA1).
EN
In light of the high incidence of mammary cancer in dogs and completion of the canine genome sequencing, the new possibilities of gene profiling by using DNA microarrays give hope to veterinary oncology. The cell lines isolated from mammary tumors are a valuable tool in developing and testing new pathway-specific cancer therapeutics. Differential cytometric analysis of 6 canine mammary cancer cell lines was performed. We divided cell lines into 3 groups based on their phenotype: 2 lines with high proliferative potential, 2 lines with high antiapoptotic potential, and 2 lines with high metastatic potential. DNA microarray analysis revealed common genes for cell lines of each group. We found that genes encoding the receptors for growth hormone and ghrelin are related to high proliferation rate, while ABR (active BCR-related) and TMD1 (TM2 domain containing 1) genes are related to a high antiapoptotic potential of the cancer cells. Metastatic properties of mammary cancer cells seem to be associated with elevated expression of PGP (P glycoprotein), SEMA3B (semaphorin 3B), and STIM1 (stromal interaction molecule 1).
EN
Metastasis is a final step in the progression of mammary gland cancer, usually leading to death. Potentially, a molecular signature of metastasis can be defined via comparison of primary tumors with their metastases. Currently, there is no data in the literature regarding the molecular portrait of metastases in dogs and only few reports regarding human cancer. This is the first report describing the transcriptomic signature of canine cancer metastatic cells. Two adenocarcinoma cell lines isolated from the canine mammary gland (CMT-W1 and CMT-W2) were compared with cell lines isolated from their lung metastases (CMT-W1M and CMT-W2M) with regards to the following cytometric parameters: cell cycle, ploidy, Bcl-2 expression, susceptibility to induced apoptosis, and transcriptomic profile. Cytometric analyses revealed significant differences in cell cycle and antiapoptotic potential between the examined cells. Using oligonucleotide microarrays, we found 104 up-regulated genes in the metastatic cell line CMT-W1M and 21 up-regulated genes in the primary CMT-W1 cell line. We also found 83 up-regulated genes in the CMT-W2M cell line and only 21 up-regulated genes in the CMT-W2 cell line. Among the up-regulated genes in both metastatic cell lines, we found 15 common genes. These differently expressed genes are involved mainly in signal transduction, cell structure and motility, nucleic acid metabolism, developmental processing, and apoptosis (GHSR, RASSF1, ARF1GAP, WDR74, SMOC2, SFRP4, DIAPH1, FSCN1, ALX4, SNX15, PLD2, WNT7B, POU6F2, NKG7, and POLR2F). Seven of them are involved in a cellular pathway dependent on ghrelin via growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR). Our results suggest that this pathway may be essential for mammary cancer cells to have a metastatic potential.
EN
Functional analysis of up- and down-regulated genes might reveal whether peripheral blood cells may be considered as a material of diagnostic or prognostic value in patients with end-stage heart failure (HF). The aim of the present study was to compare the transcriptomic profile of peripheral blood nuclear cells from 6 male patients with ischaemic end-stage HF with those of 6 male patients with asymptomatic cardiac dysfunction. The expression of genes in peripheral blood nuclear cells in both groups of patients was measured using whole-genome oligonucleotide microarrays utilizing 35 035 oligonucleotide probes. Microarray analyses revealed 130 down-regulated genes and 15 up-regulated genes in the patients with end-stage HF. Some of the down-regulated genes belonged to the pathways that other studies have shown to be down-regulated in cardiomyopathy. We also identified up-regulated genes that have been correlated with HF severity (CXCL16) and genes involved in the regulation of expression of platelet activation factor receptor (PTAFR, RBPSUH, MCC, and PSMA7). In conclusion, the identification of genes that are differentially expressed in peripheral blood nuclear cells of patients with HF supports the suggestion that this diagnostic approach may be useful in searching for the molecular predisposition for development of severe refractory HF in patients with post-infarction asymptomatic abnormalities and remodelling of the left ventricle. These results need further investigation and validation.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.