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Determination and health risk assessment of Cd, Cr and Cu in wild Clarias gariepinus (cat fish), Oreochromis niloticus (tilapia fish) and Micropogonias undulatus (croaker fish) sold in Gwagwalada Area Council, FCT Nigeria

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Musa D. E., Emurotu J. E., Ugbedeojo A. A., Onugwu E. O., Esther I.

World News of Natural Sciences

2024

vol. 57

68-83

Fish are good sources of protein however when they contain toxic metals, they can pose health risk to human beings. Percentage moisture and ash contents were determined using oven dry weight and furnace methods respectively. Also, the concentrations (mg/ Kg) of Cd, Cr and Cu in the tissue of catfish, tilapia and croaker fish were determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Estimated daily intake of Cd, Cr and Cu, hazard quotient, hazard index, and cancer risk were evaluated. The result showed 4.25±0.35 % (catfish), 5.25±0.45 % (tilapia fish) and 4.50±0.00 % (croaker fish) for moisture, 1.75±0.35 % (cat fish), 2.25±0.23 (tilapia fish) and 2.25±0.23 % (croaker fish) for ash content. The concentrations of Cd, Cr and Cu in the species of fish determined were above the threshold WHO/ FAO (0.02 mg/ kg) limit. The THQ for Cu was greater than 1 while Dc and Cr were less than 1. This indicates that the level of Cu in the species of fish determined will lead to a non-carcinogenic effect on consumers.

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1 World News of Natural Sciences

1 2024

1 Emurotu J. E.

1 Esther I.

1 Musa D. E.

1 Onugwu E. O.

1 Ugbedeojo A. A.

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Determination and health risk assessment of Cd, Cr and Cu in wild Clarias gariepinus (cat fish), Oreochromis niloticus (tilapia fish) and Micropogonias undulatus (croaker fish) sold in Gwagwalada Area Council, FCT Nigeria