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Spring-block model for a single-lane highway traffic

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Járai-Szabó F., Sándor B., Néda Z.
Open Physics
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2011
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vol. 9
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issue 4
1002-1009
EN
A simple one-dimensional spring-block chain with asymmetric interactions is considered to model an idealized single-lane highway traffic. The main elements of the system are blocks (modeling cars), springs with unidirectional interactions (modeling distance-keeping interactions between neighbors), static and kinetic friction (modeling inertia of drivers and cars) and spatiotemporal disorder in the values of these friction forces (modeling differences in the driving attitudes). The traveling chain of cars correspond to the dragged spring-block system. Contrary to most of the studies in the field of highway traffic here we focus on a measure characteristic for one car in the row. Our statistical analysis for the spring-block chain predicts a non-trivial and rich complex behavior. As a function of the disorder level in the system a dynamic phase-transition is observed. For low disorder levels uncorrelated slidings of blocks are revealed while for high disorder levels correlated avalanches dominates.
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A kinetic Monte Carlo study for stripe-like magnetic domains in ferrimagnetic thin films

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Tyukodi B., Chioar I.-A., Néda Z.
Open Physics
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2013
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vol. 11
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issue 4
487-496
EN
The topology and dynamics of stripe-like magnetic domains obtained in a ferrimagnetic garnet subjected to a time-dependent external magnetic field is studied experimentally and theoretically. Experiments are performed on a commercially available magnetic bubble apparatus, allowing the observation of the time-evolution of the magnetic domain structure. The system is modeled by a meso-scale Ising-type lattice model. Exchange and dipolar interactions between the spins, and interaction of the spins with the external magnetic field are considered. The model is investigated by kinetic Monte Carlo simulations with time-varying transition rates. In the limit of low temperatures the elaborated model leads to a magnetic domain topology and dynamics that is similar to the ones observed in the experiments. In the highly non-equilibrium limit with a high driving frequency the model reproduces the experimentally recorded hysteresis loops as well.
3
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Spring-block approach for crack patterns in glass

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Horvát E.-Á., Járai-Szabó F., Brechet Y., Néda Z.
Open Physics
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2012
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vol. 10
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issue 4
926-935
EN
Fracture patterns resulting from point-like impact acting perpendicularly on the plane of a commercial sodalime glass plate is modelled by a spring-block system. The characteristic patterns consist of crack lines that are spreading radially from the impact point and concentric arcs intersecting these radial lines. Experimental results suggest that the number of radial crack lines is scaling linearly with the energy dissipated during the crack formation process. The elaborated spring-block model reproduces with success the observed fracture patterns and scaling law.
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