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EN
The aim of the study was to analyze recurence of large intestine adenomas after polypectomy and its co-incidence with DNA microsatellite instability (MSI).Material and methods. Among 2880 patients who underwent polypectomy during colonoscopy in our department from June 2004 to February 2007 we revealed adenomas in 259 cases (8.99%). Then we chose 97 patients who agreed to participate in further study. Mean age of the group was 65.1 yrs. In these patiens we removed 207 adenomas of the large intestine. Within 90-360 days all of the patients underwent control colonoscopy in our department. All removed lesions were verified histologically and genetically to determine presence of microsatellite instability.Results. In 15 (17.4%) patients we revealed recurence of adenomas. Microsatellite instability was detected in 16 (18.6%) patients. The recurence of polyps was more frequent in patients with MSI (4 cases - 25%) than in patients without MSI (11 cases - 15.7%).Conclusions. In our opinion further study may help to determine the group of patients with faster adenoma recurence. In those cases more frequent colonoscopy may be justified.
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Intraoperative Colonoscopy in Obstructing Colon Cancer

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EN
The aim of the study was to present our experience with the use of intraoperative colonoscopy in patients with obstructing colon cancer in whom complete preoperative colonoscopy was not possible.Material and methods. We treated 480 patients with colon cancer from 2002 to 2008 in our department. In 80 patients (28 female and 52 male) we performed intraoperative colonoscopy due to obstructing colon cancer. Mean age of female patients was 67.8 yrs. (35-84 yrs.) and mean age of male patients was 66.5 yrs. (38-81 yrs.). In all of the patients preoperative complete colonoscopy was not possible.Results. Thanks to intraoperative colonoscopy we revealed new synchronous cancer lesions in 7 patients (8.75%) and therefore we extended the operation. In 28 patients (35%) we revealed polyps which, in 24 (85.7%) cases, were removed endoscopically and in 4 cases we decided to extend the operation.Conclusions. Intraoperative colonoscopy is efficient method in diagnosis of colon cancer especially in patients with obstructing colon cancer. Thanks to intraoperative colonoscopy patients with synchronous lesions may benefit from detection of lesions and avoid further operation.
EN
Over 95% of ovarian malignancies arise from the epithelium. The major risk factors for ovarian cancer include: • hereditary mutation of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes (16–20% of all ovarian cancers); • hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome; • familial history of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) (Lynch syndrome – nonpolyposis colorectal cancer, endometrial cancer, cancer of the upper gastrointestinal tract, ureteral cancer); • infertility, long-term stimulation of ovulation, unsuccessful IVF (in vitro fertilisation) attempts; • hormone replacement therapy. Factors that decrease the risk for ovarian cancer include oral contraceptive use, tubal ligation, salpingo-oophorectomy, hysterectomy and breastfeeding(1).
PL
Ponad 95% nowotworów złośliwych jajnika ma pochodzenie nabłonkowe. Do najważniejszych czynników ryzyka występowania raka jajnika należą: • nosicielstwo mutacji genów BRCA1 i BRCA2 (dotyczy do 16–20% wszystkich przypadków raka jajnika); • zespoły dziedzicznego raka piersi i jajnika; • rodzinne występowanie dziedzicznego niepolipowatego raka jelita grubego (zespół Lyncha – niepolipowaty rak jelita grubego, rak endometrium, rak górnego odcinka układu pokarmowego, rak urotelialny moczowodu); • bezdzietność, długotrwała stymulacja owulacji, nieskuteczne próby IVF (in vitro fertilisation – zapłodnienie pozaustrojowe, zapłodnienie in vitro); • hormonalna terapia zastępcza. Ryzyko wystąpienia raka jajnika zmniejszają: stosowanie antykoncepcji hormonalnej, okluzja jajowodów, wycięcie jajników i jajowodów, wycięcie macicy i karmienie piersią(1).
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