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1

Numerical method for detection of linkage between genes for two metrical traits

100%
Kaczmarek Z., Surma M., Adamski T., Czajka S.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2004
|
vol. 45
|
issue 1
27-35
EN
A homozygous population derived from hybrids between two homozygous parents may be used for genetic analysis of metrical traits. The paper describes the use of doubled haploids (DH) and single seed descent (SSD) lines for detection of linkage between genes conditioning two quantitative traits. A computational algorithm is presented, which facilitates matching various variants of relations between variances, covariances and means of DH and SSD populations so as to make it possible to conclude on the presence/absence of linkage. The suggested methodology is illustrated with an example concerning three quantitative traits of barley: length of the third internode, stem wall thickness, and 1000-grain weight.
2

Frequency of transgression and gene distribution in barley doubled haploid populations from first and second cycle hybrids

100%
Surma M., Adamski T., Kaczmarek Z., Kapala A.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
1998
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vol. 39
|
issue 3
237-247
EN
Barley doubled haploids (DH) derived from first and second cycle hybrids were investigated in field experiments. Parental lines designed for the second cycle hybrids were three doubled haploids from the first cycle hybrids, which were observed to have the highest grain yield. Yield structure characters, crude protein content and protein fractions were analysed. Phenotypic and genetic variability and the frequency of transgression in the studied populations were calculated. For the studied traits additive, [d], and epistatic [i], effects as well as coefficient of gene dispersion were estimated. It was found that the phenotypic and genetic variability of DH populations derived from second cycle hybrids was higher than that of the original population for all the studied traits except grain yield. A greater proportion of transgressive lines than in the original population was also observed in populations from second cycle hybrids. Only one DH line exceeding the high yielding parent was found among 141 lines under study. The relationship between the frequency of transgressions and gene dispersion was recorded: the greatest number of transgressive lines occurred in those traits for which the dispersion was observed.
3

A simple test for detection of linkage

100%
Surma M., Kaczmarek Z., Adamski T., Kaczmarek.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2002
|
vol. 43
|
issue 2
171-174
EN
The paper presents a proposition for detection of linkage of genes responsible for metrical traits. Taking into account the expected means for early generations (F1, F2, F3) and a population of homozygous lines (in this case doubled haploid lines, DH derived from a cross between two homozygous parents) as well as estimators of genetic parameters m, [d], [i], [h] and [l], the expected values for these parameters in the presence of linkage have been formulated. It was found that when there is no linkage, the expression F1 ? 6F2 + 8F3 ? 3DHmean is equal to zero. Thus, an experiment covering DH lines and F1, F2, F3 hybrids makes it possible to obtain, beside information of interest, also information on presence or absence of linkage.
4

Multivariate approach to evaluating the fatty acid composition of seed oil in a doubled haploid population of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)

100%
Adamska E., Cegielska-Taras T., Kaczmarek Z., Szala L.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2004
|
vol. 45
|
issue 4
419-425
EN
The fatty acid composition of oil of the zero erucic acid commercial Brassica napus L. is typical for this species. It is rich in oleic acid and contains moderate levels of linoleic and linolenic acid. For human nutrition, it is advantageous primarily to obtain the highest possible content of oleic acid and to maintain the 2:1 ratio of linoleic to linolenic acid, while preserving the average total content of saturated acids. Uni- and multivariate analyses of variance were used for evaluation of doubled haploid lines of winter oilseed rape in respect of five fatty acids: palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0) oleic (C18:1), linoleic (C18:2) and linolenic (C18:3). Some proposals of studying doubled haploid (DH) lines with the use of canonical transformation were also given. In MANOVA, the five original variables (individual fatty acids) were replaced by three 'new' variables (combinations of these acids) and used to evaluate DH lines with respect to the equirements concerning the nutritional role of fatty acids. The first variable was the total content of the saturated acids (C16:0 + C18:0), the second (unchanging) was the content of the monounsaturated acid C18:1, and the third was the difference between polyunsaturated acids, i.e. between linoleic acid, and the doubled content of linolenic acid (C18:2 ? 2 ? C18:3).
5

Theoretical bases for detection of linkege of genes between two quantitative characters in the presence of nonallelic interaction

100%
Kaczmarek Z., Surma M., Adamski T.
Genetica Polonica
|
1994
|
vol. 35
|
issue 1-2
53-62
6

Yield reduction and mycotoxin accumulation in barley doubled haploids inoculated with Fusarium culmorum (W.G.Sm.) Sacc.

76%
Adamski T., Chelkowski J., Golinski P., Kaczmarek Z., Perkowski J., Surma M., Wisniewska H.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
1999
|
vol. 40
|
issue 2
73-84
EN
Barley doubled haploids (DH) were examined for their susceptibility to Fusarium head blight caused by Fusarium culmorum. DH lines were derived from F1 Maresi (two-rowed) ? Pomo (six-rowed) hybrids by the 'H. bulbosum' method. Doubled haploids, parental cultivars and F1 and F2 hybrids were inoculated with Fusarium culmorum (W.G.Sm.) Sacc., isolate KF350 under field conditions. The kernel infection score, number of kernels per ear, kernel weight per ear, 1000-kernel weight, and kernel fractions were recorded in inoculated and control plants. Samples of kernels were analysed for presence of nivalenol and deoxynivalenol. In the inoculated plants a reduction of kernel number, kernel weight per ear, 1000-kernel weight and percentage of plump kernels was observed. Generally, inoculation caused a significant decrease in the kernel fraction > 2.5 mm, and increase in the fractions 2.5-2.2 and < 2.2 mm. This tendency was more visible in 2-rowed than in 6-rowed lines. The nivalenol content of inoculated doubled haploids ranged from 0.16 to 7.61 mg/kg, whereas their deoxynivalenol content ranged from 0.000 to 0.253 mg/kg. Significant relationships between the kernel infection score and nivalenol content, kernel yield per ear, 1000-kernel weight and kernel fraction > 2.5 mm were observed. Transgression effects were noted in some DH lines, in which the reduction of kernel characters was lower than in parental cultivars. Doubled haploids with a positive and negative transgression for nivalenol and deoxynivalenol content were also recorded.
7

Interaction of gene effects with environments for malting quality of barley doubled haploids

64%
Kaczmarek Z., Surma M., Adamski T., Jezowski S., Madajewski R., Krystkowiak K., Kuczynska A., KaczmarekZ.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2002
|
vol. 43
|
issue 1
33-42
EN
Barley doubled haploids covering a wide range of malting quality, along with their parental cultivars and F2, F3 hybrids, were investigated in six environments (three locations, two years) to study the genotype-environment (G ? E) interaction structure and the influence of environments on additive, dominance and epistatic gene effects. Grain and malt characters, such as 1000-grain weight, percentage of plump kernels, malt extract yield, protein content, Kolbach index and malt fine-coarse difference (FCD), were measured. Main effects for genetic parameters were estimated and regression analysis was used to explain the interaction of gene effects with environments. The results show that additive effects had the greatest interaction with environments for all the analysed traits, but only for malt characters this interaction was linear. Interaction of dominance effects was much lower and only in the case of 1000-grain weight, protein content and Kolbach index it proved to be significant. The results suggest that effects of heterozygous loci are more stable in contrasting environments than effects of homozygous loci.
8

Genetic determination of variability of barley doubled haploids inoculated with Fusarium culmorum (W.G.Sm.) Sacc. with regard to mycotoxin accumulation and reduction in yield traits

52%
Surma M., Adamski A. T., Adamski T., Chelkowski C. J., Chelkowski J., Golinski G. P., Golinski P., Kaczmarek K. Z., Kaczmarek Z., Kostecki K. M., Kostecki M., Perkowski P. J., Perkowski J., Wisniewska W. H., Wisniewska H.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2000
|
vol. 41
|
issue 4
237-246
EN
The genetic determination of variability of barley doubled haploid (DH) lines in regard of their susceptibility to Fusarium head blight caused by Fusarium culmorum was studied. The susceptibility was evaluated in a 3-year field experiment on the basis of reduction in yield traits and mycotoxin accumulation in infected kernels. The following traits were analysed in inoculated and control plants: kernel number and weight per ear, 1000-kernel weight, percentage of plump kernels (>2.5 mm), deoxynivalenol (DON) content and nivalenol (NIV) content of kernels. On the basis of the obtained data, heritability coefficient (ratio of genotypic to phenotypic variance) was assesed, and genetic parameters as well as the number of effective factors were estimated. Heritability coefficients calculated from two-way analysis of variance, i.e. regarding the influence of years and year ? genotype interaction, appeared to be exceptionally low and ranged from 5.2% for the reduction in plump kernels to 38.2% for the reduction in 1000-kernel weight. In the case of mycotoxin accumulation about 60% of the observed variability in NIV concentration and 30% in DON concentration resulted from genetic differences among lines. Additive effects of genes were important for all the analysed traits. Significant effects of dominance and dominance ? dominance were observed for 1000-kernel weight and percentage of plump kernels. Moreover, it was found that the observed variability in yield trait reduction resulted from the segregation of 5-6 effective factors, DON content from 4 factors, while NIV content from 5 factors.
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